大鼠原位肝移植术后急性排斥反应中 Fractalkine的表达及意义

目的利用直视下套入式吻合肝动脉加袖套法吻合门静脉建立的大鼠全血供肝移植模型,研究同种异体大鼠肝移植术后早期急性排斥反应中Fractalkine（Fkn）的表达情况。方法制备SD-Wistar大鼠全血供肝移植模型,随机分为两组,每组20只。对照组：于移植术后第1天开始腹腔内注射生理盐水（3ml/kg）;实验组：于移植术后第1天开始腹腔内注射环孢素A（3mg/kg）。术后观察大鼠一般情况,并于第3、5及7天分别处死5只大鼠,取肝脏标本,观察移植肝组织排斥反应强度（rejection activity index,RAI）及Fkn表达情况;余大鼠观察生存时间。结果对照组存活18只,实验组存活19只。实验组较对照组术后一般情况好,存活时间为19.50±4.51d,与对照组7.60±1.60d比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。组织学观察：对照组移植肝小叶结构清楚,汇管区增大,大量淋巴细胞浸润;实验组移植肝组织RAI明显降低。术后第3、5及7天,对照组RAI为3.80±0.35、5.90±0.87及7.50±1.30,实验组为3.10±0.21、3.90±0.41及4.50±0.52。两组术后第7天RAI比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。免疫组织化学观察：两组移植肝组织中均见细胞浆或细胞膜有棕色颗粒的Fkn表达,但实验组表达较弱。术后第3、5及7天,对照组Fkn细胞数为8.20±0.57、21.30±3.30及25.70±4.91,实验组分别为8.30±0.56、10.30±0.67及11.70±1.23;两组第5、7天比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论Fkn参与了同种异体大鼠肝移植急性排斥反应,可作为诊断大鼠肝移植急性排斥反应发生的指标之一。环孢素A可以通过抑制Fkn表达来抑制排斥反应发生的强度。

THE SIGNIFICANCE AND EXPRESSSION OF FRACTALKINE IN ACUTE REJECTION AFTER RAT ORTHOTOPIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

OBJECTIVE: To establish the rat orthotopic liver transplantation model by characterizing the blood supply of hepatic artery with the Cuff skill and the modified arterial sleeve anastomosis, to explore the possible mechanisms of acute rejection and the express of Fractalkine (Fkn) in the early stage after hepatic allograft operation. METHODS: SD rats were selected as donors and Wistar rats as receptor for the rejection model of orthotopic liver transplantation. Recipient rats were divided into 2 groups randomly after operation and the drugs were given intraperitoneally once a day in each group. In the experimental group, cyclosporine A (CsA) was delivered with 3 mg/kg. In the control group, only normal saline was given with 3 ml/kg. Condition of survivals were observed. The rejection activity index (RAI) and the expression of Fkn of liver tissue were observed after 3rd, 5th and 7th days in 5 rats. The rest of rats in each group were fed and given drug or normal saline until they were died and the mean survival time were recorded. RESULTS: There were 18 survivals in control group, and 19 in experimental group after liver transplantation. Condition of survivals in experimental group was better than that of control group. The mean survival times of experimental group (19.50+/-4.51 days) was significantly longer than that of control group (7.60+/-1.60 days), showing statistically significant difference (P<0.05). After 3rd, 5th and 7th days of transplantation, RAI of control group were 3.80+/-0.35, 5.90+/-0.87 and 7.50+/-1.30, respectively; RAI of experimental group were 3.10+/-0.21, 3.90+/-0.41 and 4.50+/-0.52. There was statistically significant difference in RAI between 2 groups on the 7th day after transplantation (P<0.01). On the 3rd, 5th and 7th days after transplantation, the Fkn of control group was 8.20+/-0.57, 21.30+/-3.30 and 25.70+/-4.91, and that of experimental group was 8.30+/-0.56, 10.30+/-0.67 and 11.70+/- 1.23. There were statistically significant differences in Fkn between 2 groups on the 5th, 7th days after transplantation (P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: Fkn is a participant in acute rejection after the rat orthotopic liver transplantation and can be chosen as a useful target in the diagnosis of acute rejection. CsA has immunosuppressive property in the condition of acute rejection in the rat orthotopic liver transplantation, which may be result from the decreased the level of Fkn.