过敏症的寄生虫疗法及其免疫学机制

近年来,欧美发达国家过敏性疾病,如花粉热、过敏性哮喘等患病人数渐增,发作的严重程度愈演愈烈,甚至造成患者死亡。虽然在一些发展中国家,如我国,过敏性疾病的状况还不很严重,但也呈逐年上升趋势,尤其在一些较发达的城市。有研究表明,寄生虫对过敏有一定的抑制作用,已有人将其用于抗过敏治疗。寄生虫抑制超敏反应的免疫学机制主要有两个方面:(1)寄生虫作为过敏原,能提高人体免疫耐受性;(2)寄生虫可刺激宿主产生一些物质以抑制或缓解超敏反应。由此,研究利用寄生虫进行抗过敏治疗,确有科研和实用价值。

Therapy against allergy with parasite and its immunological mechanisms

Morbidity rates of allergic disorders are increasing in the West. Although allergies are less prevalent in developing countries, those diseases are increasing in the progressively urbanizing major cities. Several studies have shown an inverse association between parasite infections and allergies. And parasites have already been used as one kind of antianaphylactins by some physicians. The Immunological mechanisms may involve two aspects: (1) Parasite, as one kind of allergen, is able to improve the host's immunological tolerance by frequent stimulation. (2) Parasite itself may inhibit or relieve the hypersensitive reactions by stimulating the host's productions of some compounds. Therefore, antianaphylactic treatments using parasites deserve further research and future application.