SPF级和普通级新西兰家兔遗传背景差异的探讨

目的 比较普通级家兔与SPF级家兔在9个同工酶的异同，为分析不同基因背景的家兔对热原检测等实验的影响提供依据。方法 利用同工酶醋纤膜电泳法对分别来自北京科宇实验动物养殖场40只普通级家兔和来自中科院（上海）实验动物中心的40只SPF级家兔进行ADH等九个生化位点进行检测。结果 乙醇脱氢酶（ADH）6个生化位点呈多态性。SPF新西兰家兔与普通级家兔不同，在Gpd1位点普通级家兔发现有c型基因，而SPF家兔没有此基因；在Idh1位点发现普通级家兔有ab型基因，而SPF级家兔没有此基因型。在ES、GPD-1、MPI-13个生化位点，单基因的百分率分别为82．5％（Esb）、88．75％（Gpd—1a）和70．％（Mpi-la）。结论 SPF家兔与普通级家兔之间在基因多态性和基因频率方面存在显著不同，因此建议在热源检测等试验中注意种群的选择，应该考虑SPF家兔因多态基因的下降对试验产生的影响。

Comparison of Genetic Background of SPF and Conventional Rabbits

Objective To compare the disparity of nine isozymes in SPF and conventional rabbits,and to provide evidence for analyzing the influence of different genic background of rabbits on pyrogen test experiments.Methods Isozyme electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membrane method was used to detect 9 biochemical loci(such as ADH,etc.)in 40 conventional(from Beijing)and 40 SPF rabbits(from Shanghai).Results There were polymorphisms at 6 loci(such as ADH,etc).There were two differences between the SPF and conventional New-Zealand rabbits:at Gpd1 loci SPF rabbits did not have c gene,while conventional rabbits had c gene;at Idh1 loci SPF did not have ab gene,while there was c gene in the conventional rabbits.The single gene frequency at 3 loci ES,GPD-1 and MPI-1 was 82.5%(Esb),88.75%(Gpd-1a)and 70.%(Mpi-1a),respectively.Conclusion Since the considerable difference in gene polymorphisms and gene frequency between SPF and conventional rabbits,we would suggest that attention should be paid to select appropriate rabbit population and to consider the influence of decrease of gene polymorphisms in SPF rabbits on experiments such as pyrogen tests.