The Renin-Angiotensin System in Hypertension,a Constantly Renewing Classic: Focus on the Angiotensin AT2-Receptor |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;2. Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;1. Departments of Medicine, of Physiology & Pathophysiology, of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;2. Cardiac Sciences Program, Winnipeg Regional Health Authority, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;1. Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA;2. Division of Cardiology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA;1. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom;2. Departments of Medicine, Physiology and Pathophysiology, and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;3. Cardiac Sciences Program, Winnipeg Regional Health Authority, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;4. Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA;5. Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, and Department of Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada;1. Department of Outcomes Research, Anaesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA;2. Department of General Anaesthesiology, Anaesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA |
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| Abstract: | It is common knowledge that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), in particular angiotensin II acting through the angiotensin AT1-receptor (AT1R), is pivotal for the regulation of blood pressure (BP) and extracellular volume. More recent findings have revealed that the RAS is far more complex than initially thought and that it harbours additional mediators and receptors, which are able to counteract and thereby fine-tune AT1R-mediated actions. This review will focus on the angiotensin AT2-receptor (AT2R), which is one of the “counter-regulatory” receptors within the RAS. It will review and discuss data related to the role of the AT2R in regulation of BP and focus on the following 3 questions: Do peripheral AT2R have an impact on BP regulation, and, if so, does this effect become apparent only under certain conditions? Are central nervous system AT2R involved in regulation of BP, and, if so, which brain areas are involved and what are the mechanisms? Does dysfunction of AT2R contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension in preeclampsia? |
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