鸦胆子油乳抗膀胱癌的分子机制及治疗的研究进展

膀胱癌是泌尿系统中发病率及死亡率较高的恶性肿瘤。临床主要的治疗方式是手术,辅以膀胱灌注化疗放疗;此外还包括微创疗法、免疫疗法、基因疗法、靶向治疗等技术手段。但因手术自身的特殊物理特性及多种因素的影响,患者术后复发率高、生存率低、免疫功能差、生活质量不高。天然植物药毒性及不良反应小,安全性高,现代药理研究表明植物药及其提取物在抗癌方面有独特疗效,且临床已在广泛应用,效果显著。清热解毒药鸦胆子的提取物鸦胆子油乳具有抗癌谱广、毒性低、效果好等诸多优点,且已广泛用于多癌种的研究及治疗,如肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、食管癌、卵巢癌等。但BJOE抗膀胱癌的报道相对较少,文章就鸦胆子油乳在膀胱癌基础研究及临床治疗中的进展作一简要综述,以期为抗肿瘤药物研究提供有益参考。

Advances in molecular mechanism and treatment of Brucea javanica oil emulsion for bladder cancer

Bladder cancer is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality in the urinary system.The main clinical treatment is surgery,combined with bladder infusion chemotherapy and radiotherapy.In addition,it also includes minimally invasive therapy,immunotherapy,gene therapy,targeted therapy and other technical means.However,due to the special physical characteristics of the operation itself and the influence of many factors,the recurrence rate is high.The survival rate is low.The immune function is poor,and the quality of life is not high.The toxicity and side effects of natural botanical medicines are small,and their safety is high.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that botanical medicines and their extracts have unique anti-cancer effects,and they have been widely used in clinic with remarkable effects.Brucea javanica oil emulsion,a heat-clearing and detoxifying drug,has many advantages,such as broad spectrum of anti-cancer,low toxicity and good effect.It has been widely used in the research and treatment of multiple cancers,such as liver cancer,lung cancer,stomach cancer,colorectal cancer,esophageal cancer,ovarian cancer and so on.However,the reports of BJOE on bladder cancer are relatively few.This article reviews the progress of Brucea javanica oil emulsion in basic research and clinical treatment of bladder cancer,with a view to providing useful reference for the research of anti-cancer drugs.