氨甲环酸对骨水泥型人工半髋置换术治疗股骨颈骨折患者出血量的影响

目的探讨氨甲环酸对骨水泥型人工半髋置换术治疗股骨颈骨折患者术中、术后出血量的影响。方法选取医院2018年2月至2019年2月行骨水泥型人工半髋置换术治疗的股骨颈骨折患者112例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各56例。研究组患者分别于切皮前及关闭切口时静脉滴注氨甲环酸注射液15 mg/kg,对照组患者同时点静脉滴注0.9%氯化钠注射液100 mL。结果观察组患者术中出血量、输血量、术后24 h出血量显著少于对照组,输血率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);术后24 h,观察组患者血红蛋白(Hb)和红细胞比容(PCV)显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组不良事件发生率为7.14%,与对照组的10.71%相当(P>0.05)。结论应用骨水泥型人工半髋置换术治疗股骨颈骨折时静脉滴注氨甲环酸,能显著减少患者术中和术后出血量,降低输血率。

Effect of Tranexamic Acid on Blood Loss in Patients with Femoral Neck Fracture Undergoing Cemented Hemiarthroplasty

Objective To investigate the effect of tranexamic acid on the amount of bleeding during and after operation in patients with femoral neck fracture undergoing cemented hemiarthroplasty.Methods A total of 112 patients with femoral neck fracture who underwent cemented hemiarthroplasty from February 2018 to February 2019 in the hospital were selected and divided into the control group and observation group according to random number table method,56 cases in each group.The study group were intravenously infused with tranexamic acid injection 15 mg/kg before skin incision and when the incision was closed,while the control group was given intravenous infusion of 100 mL of 0.9%sodium chloride injection.Results The intraoperative blood loss,blood transfusion and blood loss of postoperative 24 h in the observation group were significantly less than those in the control group,and the blood transfusion rate was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The levels of hemoglobin(Hb)and packed cell volume(PCV)in the observation group at postoperative 24 h were significantly higher than the control group.was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was 7.14%,which was equivalent to 10.71%in the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion Intravenous infusion of tranexamic acid during the treatment of femoral neck fracture with cemented hemiarthroplasty can significantly reduce the amount of intraoperative and postoperative bleeding and the rate of blood transfusion.