HPV疫苗安全性与有效性的研究现状及进展

人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus, HPV）感染是最普遍的性传播感染之一。研究发现在99.7％的宫颈癌标本中存在高危型HPV的DNA。现已明确HPV持续感染是HPV相关疾病如宫颈癌等恶性肿瘤的主要致病因素,因此通过接种HPV疫苗来预防HPV感染和治疗HPV相关疾病显得尤为重要。HPV疫苗分为两种：一种是预防性HPV疫苗,用于预防健康人被HPV感染;一种是治疗性HPV疫苗,具有对已出现的HPV感染和病变患者产生治疗效果的潜能。本文就HPV疫苗安全性与有效性的研究现状及进展展开综述。

Research status and advances in the safety and efficacy of human papillomavirus vaccines

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the commonest sexually transmitted infections. A study has found that DNA from high-risk HPV is present in 99.7% of cervical cancer samples. It is now clear that HPV persistent infection is the main pathogenic factor for HPV related diseases, such as cervical cancer and other malignancies. So it is particularly important to prevent HPV infection and treat HPV related diseases through vaccination against HPV. There are 2 types of HPV vaccines: prophylactic HPV vaccine, which is used to prevent HPV infection in healthy people; and therapeutic HPV vaccine, which has the potential to produce therapeutic effects against pre-existing HPV infections and lesions. This review summarizes the current researches and advance of the safety and efficacy of HPV vaccines.