ApoE and Quality of Life in Nonagenarians |
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| Authors: | Ajay K. Parsaik Maria I. Lapid Teresa A. Rummans Ruth H. Cha Bradley F. Boeve Vernon S. Pankratz Eric G. Tangalos Ronald C. Petersen |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;2. Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;3. Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;4. Mayo Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;5. Primary Care Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;1. Institut du Vieillissement, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France;2. Gérontopôle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France;3. INSERM Unit 1027, Toulouse, France;1. Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA;2. Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA;3. Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System (VAPHS), Pittsburgh, PA;4. Geriatric Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Gero-Informatics Research and Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA;5. Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA;1. Stroud Center for Studies on Quality of Life in Aging, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY;2. Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesApoE ε4 is associated with adverse health conditions that negatively impact the quality of life (QOL). The relationship between ApoE ε4 and QOL has not been explored in the oldest old. Our study aimed to examine ApoE in the oldest old and explore its association with QOL.DesignCross-sectional cohort study.SettingA medium sized community in Olmsted County, Minnesota.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 90 to 99 years, living independently or in long term care environments.MeasurementsWe collected demographic information and measured cognitive function (Short Test of Mental Status, Mini-Mental State Examination, Mattis Dementia Rating Scale), QOL (Linear Analogue Self Assessment), and ApoE distribution. Subjects were classified as cognitively normal, mild cognitive impairment, dementia, or dementia with stroke and/or parkinsonism (DEMSP). Regression model was used to assess the predictors of QOL.ResultsA total of 121 subjects (45 cognitively normal, 13 with mild cognitive impairment, 34 with dementia, 29 DEMSP) aged 90–99 years, 106 (87.6 %) females, were included. Frequency of ApoE ε3 allele was highest (194 [80.2%]: ε2/3 18, ε3/3 77, ε3/4 22) followed by ApoE ε4 (25 [10.3%]: ε2/4 3, ε3/4 22) and ApoE ε2 (23 [9.5%; ε2/2 1, ε2/3 18, ε2/4 3). None of the subjects carried ApoE ε4/4 genotype. QOL was similar between ApoE ε4 carrier and noncarriers. Physical well-being, emotional well-being, intellectual well-being, social connectedness, and coping ability were positively associated with QOL, whereas male sex, DEMSP, pain frequency, and pain severity were negatively associated.ConclusionsThe most common ApoE in the oldest old was ε3/3 genotype and ε3 allele. No association was found between ApoE ε4 and QOL. However, those with high physical, emotional and intellectual well being, social connectedness, and coping ability had the highest overall QOL. |
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