广西壮、汉族学生1995～2000年营养状况分析

目的 探讨1995～2000年广西壮、汉族学生营养状况变化情况，为制定营养改善计划提供依据。方法 使用新制定的身高别体重和年龄别身高标准，对壮、汉族城乡男女8个群体进行营养筛查，对1995年和2000年资料进行比较。结果 广西学生5年来营养状况显著改善，营养不良率大幅降低，壮族城市学生改善幅度超过汉族。壮、汉族乡村学生营养不良率仍显著高于全国水平，改善幅度慢于发达地区；壮、汉族乡村学生生长迟滞检出率是全国平均水平的2～3倍，长期性营养不良导致身材矮小是突出问题。广西汉族城市学生超重、肥胖检出率近年来迅猛增长。结论 消除消瘦和生长迟滞两种营养不良是广西现阶段改善学生营养工作的重点；同时应抓紧对超重、肥胖的预防．

Dynamic Changes in Nutrition Status of Zhuang and Han Students in Guangxi Province During 1995-2000

Objective To analyze the changes in nutrition status of Guangxi Zhuang and Han students during 1995-2000 in order to provide a scientific basis for drawing up plans for improving nutrition status of children and youths in this area. Methods Nutritional screening was made in 8 groups of Guangxi students divided according to race, habitation and sex by using the new revised Chinese standards of weight for height and height for age. Dynamic changes in their nutrition status between 1995 and 2000 were analyzed. Results The nutrition status of Guangxi students was improved significantly in the past five years. The prevalence rate of malnutrition decreased evidently, especially in urban students of Zhuang nationality. However, regardless of race, rural students had still higher prevalence rate of malnutrition than their national counterparts, especially those in developed areas, and meanwhile they showed a 2-3 times higher rate of growth retardation than their national peers, indicating chronic malnutrition being the leading cause of short stature. Besides, the rapid increased rates of obesity and overweight were found among urban students of Han nationality in Guangxi. Conclusions The emphasis of student nutrition improvement should be placed on eliminating stunting and wasting due to malnutrition. On the other hand, more attention should be paid to preventing obesity and overweight.