2006年中国10省(区)农村婴幼儿体格发育不良影响因素分析

目的 了解中国10省(区)农村婴幼儿体格发育不良的影响因素.方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,对随机选取的吉林、山西、甘肃、新疆、江苏、四川、江西、湖南、广西和贵州10省(区)农村婴幼儿进行问卷调查和体检.结果 共调查婴幼儿58 926名,男女童分别占50.91％和49.09％.总低体重率为5.05％,生长迟缓率为10.49％,其中0～6月龄组最低(分别为1.97％和3.79％),24～ 36月龄组最高(分别为7.80％和16.83％).儿童年龄、性别、出生体重、孕周、父母文化程度与儿童体格发育状况有关,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.0001).结论 中国农村地区婴幼儿体格发育不良状况仍不乐观,且低出生体重是儿童体格发育的重要影响因素,应加强围产期保健.

Influencing factors on underweight and stunting among children aged 0-3 years in rural areas from ten provinces in China

Objective To analysis the influencing factors on underweight and stunting among children aged 0-3 years in rural areas from ten provinces in China. Methods Children under study were identified by multi-stage stratified cluster from rural areas of ten provinces in China. The ascertainment methods mainly included questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Results There were 58926 children under investigation, with 50.91% were boys. The overall rates on underweight and stunting were 5.05% and 10.49% respectively. The rate in the 6 month-olds(1.97%, 3.79%) was the lowest, while the highest were in the 24 month-olds(7.80%) and the 36 month-olds(16.83%). Age, sex, birth weight, gestational weeks as well as maternal education and fathers, schooling were factors significantly related to childhood underweight and stunting(P<0.0001). Conclusion The status of underweight and stunting among children aged 0-3 years in rural areas was impressive, with birth weight was the key factor influencing the growth of children. Perinatal health care should be improved to promote the growth of children.