湖北省嗜人按蚊分布区不同抗疟措施的研究

目的 探索有效地控制嗜人按蚊密度和降低疟疾发病率的措施。方法 选择自然条件、疟疾发病率、人口数基本相同的3个区。各区在控制传染源的基础上，其中一区连续两年采用2．5％溴氰菊酯(15mg/m2)浸帐灭蚊；另一区在浸帐同时对畜房、人群活动场所采用5％氯氰菊酯(25mg/m2)滞留喷洒灭蚊。各区观察病原学和昆虫学各项指标。结果 浸帐喷洒区人房、室外人帐诱、牛栏、猪栏等嗜人按蚊密度年平均分别下降100．00％、71．96％、94．01％、67．42％；单—浸帐区除室外人诱密度上升12．38％外，其他场所依次下降99．63％、18．71％、69．44％。嗜人按蚊叮人率浸帐喷洒区为0．1111，浸帐区为0.2222，对照区为1．1688。浸帐喷洒区、单一浸帐区、对照区疟疾发病率年平均分别下降73.12％、57．71％、65．71％。结论 单一浸帐和浸帐喷洒灭蚊均能降低人房内嗜人按蚊密度，后者各场所密度比前者降低的快。

Study on the Different Measures to Control Malaria and Density of Anopheles anthropophagus in Hubei Province

Objective To explore the measures of economic and effectual control of malaria.Methods Three areas were chosen on similar natural condition?morbidity of malaria and population for the study. The disease reservoir was controlled in each area. The bed nets were treated with 2.5% deltamethrin ( 15 mg/m 2 ) in one area. In addition to impregnated bed nets residual spraying with 5% Alphacypermethrin ( 25 mg/m 2 ) was carried out in cattle?pig pen and people activity areas in another area; No mosquito control measures were adopted in the control area. The study was evaluated and compared with the results of aetiology and the entomology.Results The densities of An.anthropophagus in houses?outside houses (men bait) and cattle?pig pen reduced by 100%, 71.96% , 94.01% , 67.42% respectively, in the area with both treatments of impregnated-bed nets and residual spraying; In the area treated with impregnated bed nets method the densities outside houses (men bait) rose with 12.38% and those in other places was reduced by 99.63% ? 18.71% ? 69.44% respectively. The biting rates of An.anthropophagus in the areas of treatment and in the control area were 0.111 1 , 0.222 2 , 1.168 8 respectively; The morbidity of malaria in impregnated-bed nets?residual spraying with impregnated-bed nets and control areas decreased by 73.12%, 57.71% , 65.71% respectively. Conclusion Only impregnated bed nets and impregnated bed nets with residual spraying could reduce the density of An.anthropophagus in the house and they reduced more quickly for the density of An.anthropophagus with impregnated bed nets and residual spraying than for the only impregnated bed nets.