学龄前儿童攻击性行为的影响因素分析

目的探讨学龄前儿童攻击性行为问题的发生情况及影响因素，为制定攻击性行为的预防策略提供依据。方法应用Achenbach《儿童行为量表》中的攻击性行为分量表和自制的攻击性行为影响因素调查表，对湖北省黄冈市487名学龄前儿童的攻击性行为发生情况进行调查，并对影响因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果学龄前儿童攻击性行为总检出率为8．83％，男女学前儿童攻击行为分别为10．32％和6．80％，不同性别、年龄学龄前儿童攻击性行为检出率差别无统计学意义，而不同年级攻击性行为检出率的差别有统计学意义，攻击行为的检出率随着年级的上升而下降。经多因素非条件Logistic回归分析，学龄前儿童攻击性行为问题的保护因素有玩具或图书数量多、睡前讲故事、单亲家庭，而喜欢玩仿制枪玩具、父母教育方法不一致、母子感情差、母亲孕期精神状态差等是攻击行为的危险因素。结论学龄前儿童攻击行为问题受家庭、社会等多方面因素影响，需采取综合性的干预措施。

Influencing Factors of Aggressive Behavior in Preschool Children

Objective To understand the influencing factors of aggressive behavior problems among preschool children,and to provide bases for prevention measures of aggressive behaviors.Methods Parents of 487 preschool children were surveyed by aggressive subscale of Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist and a self-designed questionnaire about the related factors.Statistics analysis were conducted by using logistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence of aggressive behaviors was 8.83%,and the rates for male and female were 10.32% and 6.80% respectively. No significant diversity of aggressive behaviors was found in different genders and ages.But the prevalence rate decreased with grade.Unconditional logistic regression analysis indicated that the protective factors were the great amount of toys,books and the story before sleep and single parent family,while the risk factors were enjoying playing cap pistol,education inconsistency,bad relationship with parents and mother's poor spirit state in pregnancy.Conclusion Preschool children's aggressive behaviors are affected by multiple factors from family and society,so comprehensive interventions should be implemented.