含人AGM区基质细胞培养体系定向诱导胚胎干细胞为造血干细胞的实验研究

目的： 体外模拟胚胎早期AGM区造血微环境，诱导胚胎干细胞（ESCs）分化为造血干细胞（HSCs）。方法：将小鼠E14 ESCs在含BMP-4及VEGF的半固体培养基中诱导为拟胚体（EB），分别于3、6、9、12、15 d时收获EB，流式细胞术检测Flk-1+细胞含量。取Flk-1+ 细胞处于高峰期的EB细胞，在人AGM区基质细胞饲养层上进一步诱导分化，并设无饲养层对照，分别于3、6、9、12 d时收获细胞计数、流式细胞术检测Sca-1+c-kit+ 细胞含量，并分析造血细胞集落形成能力。结果：诱导E14细胞形成EB过程中添加BMP4+VEGF的因子组Flk-1+细胞在第9 d达峰值（27.53%± 2.84％），与未添加因子组（8.77%± 1.12％）比较差异显著(P<0.05)。将培养9 d的EB细胞在hAGMS3、hAGMS4饲养层上进一步诱导分化，第6 d时Sca-1+c-kit+细胞达峰值，分别为7.31%±1.21％、7.62%±1.52％，其绝对数分别扩增(2.57±0.48)倍、(2.35±0.36)倍，与无饲养层组比较显著差异（P<0.05）。该分化阶段的Sca-1+c-kit+细胞具有形成各系造血细胞集落的能力。结论：人胚早期AGM区基质细胞能促进小鼠ESCs定向分化为HSCs，为研究ESCs分化为HSCs的分子机制提供了实验模型。

Supportive effects of human aorta-gonad-mesonephero stromal cells on the directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells into hematopoietic stem cells

AIM: To direct embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vitro by simulating the hematogenic microenvironment in human early embryonic aorta-gonad-mesonephero (AGM) region.METHODS: Murine E14 embronic stem cell line was used for two-step differentiation.In the first step of primary differentiation,E14 ESCs were seeded into semisolid methylcellulose-based medium containing bone morphogenesis protein 4 (BMP4) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for embryoid body (EB) formation.On days 3,6,9,12 and 15,single EB cells were analyzed for Flk-1+ cells amount through flow cytometry.In the second step,single cell from EB containing most Flk-1+ cells was further co-cultured with human AGM stromal cells in non-contact system.On co-culture days of 3,6,9 and 12 days,cells were collected for cell count,flow cytometry for Sca-1+c-kit+ cells analysis,and colony forming cell assay.RESULTS: During the EB formation,BMP4+VEGF promoted Flk-1+ cell genesis on day 9 at peak pencentage value of 27.53%±2.84％,which was statistically higher than that in control group as 8.77±1.10 (P<0.05).Collagenase-disassociated single cell from day 9 EB was co-cultured with human AGM stromal cells of hAGMS3 or hAGMS4 for further hematopoietic differentiation.On day 6 Sca-1+c-kit+ cells got to peak value as 7.31%±1.21％ ［(2.57±0.48) folds］ and 7.62%±1.52％ ［(2.35±0.36) folds］ in hAGMS3 and hAGMS4 feeder systems,respectively,both of which were greater than those values of no-stroma groups at the same culture duration (P<0.05).Colonogenic cell assay showed that these Sca-1+c-kit+ cells had ability of forming multiple lineage hematopoietic colonies.CONCLUSION: BMP4 in combination with VEGF promotes Flk-1+ cell genesis during EB formation in vitro.Stromal cells from early human embryonic AGM region further enhance the directed differentiation of these primitive cells into HSCs.This two-step induction differentiation model can be used for molecular mechanism study of ESCs hematopoietic differentiation.