烧伤病区金黄色葡萄球菌感染的分布及其耐药性的变迁

目的：对引起烧伤感染金黄色葡萄球菌（金葡萄，SAU）的分布特征及其对耐药的现状、变化趋势进行分析。方法：对我院烧伤病区临床标本中分离出来的金葡萄菌相关资料进行统计分析。结果：金葡菌在全部病原菌中的构成比逐年升高，至1999年已成为构成比最高的病原菌；金葡萄的分布相对集中在冬春季；金葡菌感染的患者年龄分布在40岁之前与年龄成正比，而后逐渐减小，但60岁后又明显升高。金葡菌对常用抗生素的耐药率始终处于一个较高的水平，对六种常用抗生素的耐药率基本在30％以上，超过或接近50％的有5种。耐甲氧西林金葡菌（MRSA）的分布和变化与 金葡菌基本一致，但其对常用抗生素的耐药率有较明显的上升趋势。结论：在抗感染治疗以及病区清洁卫生、防止交叉感染等 预防工作中应充分考虑到金葡菌的上述分布特征及其较高的耐药水平，加强措施的针对性，对于提高抗感染治疗及医院感染的预防工作的水平具有重要意义。

Distribution and resistance change of Staphylococcus aureus in burn unit

Objective: To investigate the distribution and resistance change of S. aureus in burn unit. Methods: The identification data of S. aureus isolated from our burn unit in a 6-year period were analyzed in terms of years, seasons, ages and resistance change. Results: The constituent ratio of S. aureus was gradually increased and ranked the first in infectious pathogens of the burn unit S. aureus include Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) comparatively prevalent in cold seasons, 20~40 years old or more than 60 years old patient showed high resistance rate to frequently used antibiotics, especially MRSA. Conclusion: It is important to know that the distribution characters and resistance change of S. aureus for a better sanitation, infecion prophylyxis and treatment in burn unit.