少数民族地区新生儿高胆红素血症临床特征分析

目的 探讨凉山州少数民族地区新生儿高胆红素血症的临床特点及病因,为早期有效的治疗提供科学依据.方法 对166例新生儿黄疸的病因、临床表现、实验室检查特点及疗效进行分析.结果 黄疸出现的时间在出生后7天内发生占83.7％,且黄疸程度较重,仅8例（4.8％）患儿血清总胆红素值12～15mg/dl,其余患儿血清总胆红素均＞15mg/dl,其中＞20mg/dl达47.9％.黄疸的主要病因为母乳性黄疸占35.6％,其次感染因素占29.5％.其他因素尚有围产期因素如窒息、头皮血肿及ABO血型不合性溶血等.治疗转归：治愈157例（94.6％）,好转9例（5.4％）.结论 新生儿高胆红素血症患儿,早期积极给予蓝光治疗,预后良好.

The clinical analysis of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia in minority areas

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of newborn jaundice and its etiology and provide evidences for diagnosis and treatment.Methods 166 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia were analyzed in etiology,laboratory examination and treatment.Results Most of the neonatal jaundice had been found less than 7 days after birth,which accounted for 83.7%.Only 8 patients（4.8%） had serum total bilirubin level between 12～ 15mg/dl （205μmol/L～256.5μmol/L）,while the others＇ 〉 15mg/dl （256.5μmol/L）,and even more than 20mg/dl （340μmol/L）in 47.9% neonates.The etiology of newborn jaundice was breast milk jaundice （35.6 %）,infection （29.5 %）,and other factors such as asphyxia,scalp hematoma,ABO incompatibility hemolysis,et al.Prognosis：cured 129 patients （77.7 %）,improved 28 （16.9 %）,against-advice discharge or automatically discharge 9 （5.4 %）.Conclusion Newborn jaundice has high risk to bilirubin encephalopathy or kemicterus.Earlier light therapy and other treatments would be very important and very helpful to reduce the incidence of bilirubin encephalopathy or kemicterus.