帕金森病患者的时间感知障碍

目的 探讨帕金森病(Pakinson's disease,PD)患者的时间感知障碍.方法 采用时距复制的检查方法,对32例原发性PD患者和32名健康对照者进行时间感知能力测试.结果 在3s的时间复制任务中,PD患者组在延迟1s[(2.15±0.34)s]和延迟5 s[(2.08±0.37)s]的情况下时间复制能力明显下降,表现为低估时间,与对照组[分别为(2.78±0.31)s和(2.74±0.32)s]相比差异均有统计学意义(t=-7.459、-7.533,均P＜0.01);在5 s的时间复制任务中,PD患者组在延迟1 s[(3.11±0.52)s]和延迟5 s[(2.96±0.54)s]的情况下时间复制能力较对照组[分别为(3.99±0.39)s和(4.05±0.40)s]亦有明显下降,表现为低估时间,差异均有统计学意义(t=-7.609、-9.120,均P＜0.01);但在600ms的时间复制中,PD患者组在延迟1 s[(0.90±0.18)s]和延迟5 s[(0.91±0.17)s]的情况下时间复制能力与对照组[分别为(0.91±0.18)s和(0.89±0.16)s]相比差异无统计学意义(t=0.347、-0.519,P=0.730、0.606).结论 PD患者存在时间感知障碍,主要表现为对秒以上长时距的低估,而对毫秒范围内的短时距感知无损伤.

Time perception in patients with Parkinson's disease

Objective To explore the impairment of time perception in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).Method Thirty-two individuals with idiopathic PD were compared with 32 matched healthy controls using a time reproduction task.Result Compared with healthy controls for the 3-second duration reproduction task, PD patients in the setting of a delay by 1 s ( (2.78 ±0.31 ) s and (2.15 ±0.34) s,respectively) and a delay by 5 s ( (2.74 ±0.32) s and (2.08 ±0.37) s, respectively) showed impairment in time perception with a significant under-estimation of the duration ( t = - 7.459, - 7.533, both P ＜0.01 ).When compared with healthy controls for the 5-second duration reproduction task, PD patients in the setting of a delay by 1 s ( (3.99 ±0.39) s and (3.11 ±0.52) s) and 5 s ( (4.05 ±0.40) s and (2.96 ±0.54) s) also showed impairment in time perception with a significant under-estimation of the duration (t =-7.609 and - 9.120, both P ＜ 0.01 ).When compared with healthy controls for the 600-millisecond duration reproduction task, PD patients in the setting of delay by 1 s ((0.91 ±0.18) s and (0.90 ±0.18) s, respectively) and by 5 s ( (0.89 ± 0.16) s and (0.91 ± 0.17 ) s, respectively) did not have impaired time perception, and the difference was not significant ( t = 0.347, P = 0.730; t = - 0.519, P =0.606, respectively).Conclusion Our data indicates that time perception is impaired in PD patients.Impaired time perception is mainly an under-estimation of the time interval in seconds rather than milliseconds.