2010-2012年宜州市集中式供水卫生状况分析

目的了解宜州市集中式供水卫生状况，为保障饮水安全，改善饮水条件提供依据。方法2012年对宜州市各类集中式供水单位进行卫生学调查，并对2010~2012年集中式供水单位水质检测资料进行分析。结果34个供水单位地面水水源占20．59％，地下水占79．41％；不同程度地存在污染，70．59％无水处理设施或设施不完善、饮用水不消毒或人工不定期投含氯消毒剂消毒，26．47％有消毒设备但未按要求消毒。2010～2012年合计检测水源水、出厂水和管网末梢水水样806份，合格的404份，合格率为50．12％。水质合格率，2010年为68．09％，2011年为33．22％，2012年为55．95%（P〈0．01）；市政供水为87．19％，乡镇集中式供水为30．99％，学校自备水为8．11％（P〈0．01）；水源水为31．16％，出厂水为54．55％，管网末梢水为53．81％（P〈0．01）。2010-2012年检测的806份水样中，水样指标检测合格率为色：99．63％，浑浊度：96．03％，肉眼可见物：98．64％，铁：99．26％、锰：99．38％、耗氧量：99．50％、镉：99．88％、硝酸盐：99．75％、氨氮：99．38％、菌落总数：44．42％、总大肠菌群：94．79％、耐热大肠菌群：97．39％，其他指标合格率均为100．00％。结论宜州市集中式供水水质较差。微生物污染是供水不合格的主要原因。

Analysis on Hygienic Status of Centralized Water Supplies,Yizhou City, 2010-2012

Objective To understand the hygienic status of centralized water supplies in Yizhou city,so as to provide the basis for protecting the safety of the drinking water and improving the water conditions. Methods In 2012,a hygienic survey and statistical analysis was made on drinking water quality from all types of centralized water supplies in Yizhou city,during 2010-2012. Results In 34 investigated water supplies,20.59% obtained water from the surface water and 79.41% from the groundwater; 70.5% had no or inadequate water treatment facilities resulting in the drinking water without disinfection or only occasionally artificial cast of chlorine disinfectant,and 26.47 % had water treatment facilities but no water disinfection according to the requirement. Therefore, varying degrees of pollution existed in all investigated centralized water supplies. During 2010-2012,806 water samples from the water resource were detected, the finished water and the pipe network water and determined that 404 were qualified resulting the total pass rate of 50. 12%. The pass rates of 806 water samples were 68.09% in 2010,33.22% in 2011 and 55.95 in 2012 （ P 〈0.01） ;87.19% from the municipal water supplies,30.99% from town water supplies and 8.11%from school water supplies （ P 〈0.01） ;31.16% from the water resource, 5 4. 5 5% from the finished water and 5 3.81% from the pipe network water （P % 0.01 ） , respectively. Furthermore, the pass rates of 806 water samples were：color index 99.63 %, turbidity 96.03 % ,visible matter 98.64 %, Fe 99. 26% ,Mn 99.38%,oxygen consumption 99.50%, Cd： 99.88%, nitrates 99.75%, ammonia 99.38%, the total number of bacterial colonies： 44.42%, total coliforms 94.79%, heat-resistant coliforms 97.39%, other indicators 100.00%, re- spectively. Conclusion The water quality of Yizhou centralized water supplies is poor. Microbial contamination is the main cause for the disqualification of the drinking water.