冠心病患者的心理社会因素量表分析

目的研究冠心病患者社会心理因素的特点及影响。方法运用生活事件量表、A型行为量表、多伦多述情障碍量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、应付方式问卷、社会支持问卷,测定48例冠心病患者及50例正常对照组病前遭遇的生活事件、人格特征、应付方式、社会支持、患病后的心身健康状况及其影响因素。结果病例组本次患病前所经历的生活事件频数及紧张值,A型行为评分,消极应付方式评分,抑郁及焦虑分值均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。积极应付评分,社会支持总分减低(P<0.05和P<0.01)。结论生活事件紧张总值、A型行为和抑郁是冠心病的危险因素,而积极应付方式和社会支持为疾病的保护因子。冠心病患者具有特殊的心理社会特征和心身共病状况,应采取积极的社会心理干预措施。

Analysis of psychosocial factors on the patients with coronary heart disease

Objective: To investigate the psychosocial factors in the patients with coronary heart disease and the mechanism that the psychosocial factors influence the coronary heart disease. Methods: Forty-eight patients with coronary heart disease and 50 controls group were evaluated by Life Event Scale,type A behavior pattern questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, Coping Modes Questionnaire and Social Support Questionnaire. Results:The frequency of negative life events ,the stress of negative and total life events experienced before this episode by the patients were significantly higher than the controls(P<0.01). The scores of positive coping style and social support were lower than the controls (P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion:Stress of negative life events, type "A" behavior and depression were the risk factors, the positive coping style and social supports were the protective factors in the patient with disease. The psychosocial factors are special in the patients with coronary heart disease and relative to the onset and development of the disease, the psychosocial interventions should be taken to patients with coronary heart disease.