改良痰结核分枝杆菌L型涂片检测方法的建立和应用

目的建立一种快速简便、灵敏度高、特异性好的痰结核分枝杆菌L型的涂片染色检测方法。方法对常规的抗酸染色法进行方法学改良,以特异性基因扩增诊断法为标准,分析评价改良方法的灵敏度、特异性和总有效检出率等统计学指标;分别采用本改良抗酸染色法(以下简称本改良法)、常规抗酸染色法和改良IK抗酸染色法检测468例临床标本,对三种方法的阳性检出率进行统计学比较。结果本改良法阳性检出率与特异性基因扩增诊断法、改良IK抗酸染色法比较均无明显差异(χ2=0.25,P=0.6171;U=0.155,P=0.4404),但明显高于常规抗酸染色法(U=3.713,P<0.0010);本改良法灵敏度、特异性和总有效检出率与改良IK抗酸染色法相似,但高于常规抗酸染色法。同时,本改良法所需时间少于改良IK抗酸染色法(5minvs24h)。结论成功建立了一种快速简便、灵敏度高、特异性好的痰结核分支杆菌L型的涂片染色检测方法,适合临床推广应用。

Establishment and clinical application study on detection method of Mycobacterium tuberculosis L forms by modified acid-fast staining method

Objective In order to establish an accurate, simple and rapid, modified acid-fast staining method to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis L forms. Methods 50 clinical samples were analyzed by our modified acid-fast staining method and PCR. Sensitivity, specificity and positive rate of our method was evaluted by the results of PCR. All of the 468 clinical samples were analyzed by our method, modified IK acid-fast staining method and traditional acid-fast staining method. The positive rates of the three methods were analyzed by SPSS software. Results No significant differences of the positive rates were found among our method, PCR and modified IK acid-fast staining method, and which were higher than that of traditional acid-fast staining method. Meanwhile, the required time of our method was less than that of modified IK acid-fast staining method (5 min vs 24 h). Conclusion A simple and reliable, modified acid-fast staining method to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis L forms was established successfully. It was well worth clinical popularizing and application.