青少年暴力犯罪倾向的人格特征研究

目的 探讨青少年暴力犯罪倾向的人格特征.方法 采用犯罪危险性人格问卷对青少年暴力犯、问题应征青年、某部队新兵3组被试进行测试,比较其差异性;并对问题应征青年进行半结构式访谈.结果 青少年暴力犯组在逆反社会、家庭问题、学校行为、社会认知、法律观念、冲动倾向、愤怒失控和显性敌意各维度上的得分分别为(4.53±1.99)分、(13.70±5.09)分、(6.71±2.86)分、(7.60±2.84)分、(9.30±3.43)分、(6.54±2.67)分、(14.50±5.27)分、(7.24±3.39)分]和问题应征青年组在各维度上的得分分别为(4.33±1.91)分、(14.78±6.62)分、(5.39±3.19)分、(8.37±3.75)分、(9.70±3.84)分、(6.52±3.28)分、(16.03±6.69)分、(8.39±4.09)分]均显著高于新兵组分别为(1.30±1.64)分、(4.77±1.69)分、(2.62±2.09)分、(3.46±2.81)分、(4.37±2.25)分、(1.89±2.10)分、(5.45±4.25)分、(3.25±2.63)分、(P＜0.01)];青少年暴力犯组与问题应征青年组在学校行为、法律观念、愤怒失控三个维度上差异无显著性;在515名问题应征青年中,冲动性人格特征者411人占79.8%,反社会性人格特征者328人占63.7%,家庭环境存在问题者358人占69.5%.结论 青少年暴力犯存在明显的犯罪人格特征;问题应征青年具有暴力犯罪的倾向性,是暴力犯罪的高危人群.

The study of the characteristic of teenager personality with tendency to violent crimers

Objective To study the personality characteristics of teenagers with tendency to violent crimes. Methods The Criminal Risk Personality Questionnaire was employed to test three teenager groups:violent criminals,stigmatized youth, and recruits in the army, and the differences among three groups were compared. In addition, the stigmatized youth received structural interviews. Results The scores of the violent criminals group SCH(4.53±1.99),FAM(13.70±5.09),VIO(6.71±2.86),ANT(7.60±2.84),DQ(9.30±3.43),ANG(6.54±2.67),HOS(14.50±5.27),SOC(7.24±3.39)] and the stigmatized youth groupSCH(4.33±1.91),FAM(14.78±6.62),VIO(5.39±3.19),ANT(8.37±3.75),DQ(9.70±3.84),ANG(6.52±3.28),HOS(16.03±6.69),SOC(8.39±4.09)] were significantly higher than the recruits'SCH(1.30±1.64),FAM(4.77±1.69),VIO(2.62±2.09),ANT(3.46±2.81),DQ(4.37±2.25),ANG(1.89±2.10),HOS(5.45±4.25),SOC(3.25±2.63),(P＜0.01)] in each dimension (P＜0.01). No significant differences were found between violent criminal group and stigmatized youth group in the dimensions of the school,delinquency and anger.In terms of the interviews to 515 stigmatized youth,411 possessed impulsive personality, amounting to 79.9 percent; 328 bore antisocial personality,amounting to 63.5 percent; and 358 had family problems, amounting to 69.5 percent.Conclusion Teenager violent criminals had the significant characteristic of the criminal personality, and the stigmatized youth are high risk population of violent crimes, with tendency to commit them.