Adverse drug reactions induced by valproic acid |
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| Authors: | Radu M. Nanau Manuela G. Neuman |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, In Vitro Drug Safety and Biotechnology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Valproic acid is a widely-used first-generation antiepileptic drug, prescribed predominantly in epilepsy and psychiatric disorders. VPA has good efficacy and pharmacoeconomic profiles, as well as a relatively favorable safety profile. However, adverse drug reactions have been reported in relation with valproic acid use, either as monotherapy or polytherapy with other antiepileptic drugs or antipsychotic drugs. This systematic review discusses valproic acid adverse drug reactions, in terms of hepatotoxicity, mitochondrial toxicity, hyperammonemic encephalopathy, hypersensitivity syndrome reactions, neurological toxicity, metabolic and endocrine adverse events, and teratogenicity. |
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| Keywords: | ADR, adverse drug reaction AED, antiepileptic drug AHS, Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome ALP, alkaline phosphatase ALT, alanine aminotransferase AST, aspartate aminotransferase CI, confidence interval CYP, cytochrome p450 DRESS, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms HHV, human herpes virus IQ, intelligence quotient MELAS, mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke OR, odds ratio POLG, mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ SCAR, severe cutaneous adverse reaction SJS, Stevens&ndash Johnson syndrome TEN, toxic epidermal necrolysis VPA, valproic acid γ-GTP, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase |
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