自身免疫性肝病在住院患者中的分布特征

目的研究自身免疫性肝病住院疾病谱的分布特征及变化趋势。方法回顾性分析2002年1月至2011年12月住院的4 014例自身免疫性肝病患者的疾病构成情况。结果自身免疫性肝病在住院肝病患者中的构成总体呈上升趋势,其构成比由2002年的1.76%升至2011年的3.66%;原发性胆汁性肝硬化和自身免疫性肝炎是自身免疫性肝病疾病谱中的重要组成部分,其构成比分别为51.82%和38.39%;自身免疫性肝病疾病谱中,各组患者年龄及女性构成比均差异有统计学意义（χ^2=332.51、57.36,均P〈0.01）。各组患者的治愈好转率及肝功能衰竭的发生率均差异有统计学意义（χ^2=31.52、31.63,均P〈0.01）。但各组患者出现肝功能衰竭的性别构成比之间差异无统计学意义（χ^2=5.72,P=0.126）。结论目前自身免疫性肝病已成为肝病的重要组成部分,应引起临床医师的高度重视。

Analysis of the distribution of autoimmune liver diseases in inpatients

Objective To analyze the distribution trend and spectrum of autoimmune liver diseases. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical spectrum in 4014 inpatients with autoimmune liver diseases from January 2002 to December 2011 was conducted. Results The proportion of autoimmune liver diseases in inpaitients increased year by year,and the ratio rose from 1. 76% in 2002 to 3. 66% in 2011. Autoimmune hepatitis（ AIH） and primary biliary cirrhosis（ PBC） were the important parts of autoimmune liver disease spectrum with the ratio of 51. 82% and 38. 39% respectively. There were significant differences in age composition and sex ratio among the diseases（ χ^2= 332. 51,P 〈0. 000; χ^2= 57. 36,P〈 0. 000）. Statistical significance in healing rate and incidence of hepatic failure were also detected（ χ^2= 31. 52,P 〈0. 000,χ^2= 31. 63,P〈 0. 000）,while no significant differences in sex ratio among patients with hepatic failure were found（ χ^2= 5. 72,P = 0. 126）. Conclusion Currently non-infectious autoimmune liver disease has become an important part of liver diseases,which should be attached great importance by clinicians.