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Differences in cancer survival by sex: a population-based study using cancer registry data
Authors:Nina Afshar  Dallas R. English  Vicky Thursfield  Paul L. Mitchell  Luc Te Marvelde  Helen Farrugia  Graham G. Giles  Roger L. Milne
Affiliation:1.Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division,Cancer Council Victoria,Melbourne,Australia;2.Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health,The University of Melbourne,Melbourne,Australia;3.Victorian Cancer Registry,Cancer Council Victoria,Melbourne,Australia;4.Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health,Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness and Research Centre,Heidelberg,Australia;5.Cancer Strategy and Development,Department of Health and Human Services,Melbourne,Australia
Abstract:

Purpose

Few large-scale studies have investigated sex differences in cancer survival and little is known about their temporal and age-related patterns.

Methods

We used cancer registry data for first primary cancers diagnosed between 1982 and 2015 in Victoria, Australia. Cases were followed until the end of 2015 through linkage to death registries. Differences in survival were assessed for 25 cancers using the Pohar-Perme estimator of net survival and the excess mortality rate ratio (EMRR) adjusting for age and year of diagnosis.

Results

Five-year net survival for all cancers combined was lower for men (47.1%; 95% CI 46.9–47.4) than women (52.0%; 95% CI 51.7–52.3); EMRR 1.13 (95% CI 1.12–1.14; p?

Conclusion

Identifying the underlying reasons behind sex differences in cancer survival is necessary to address inequalities, which may improve outcomes for men and women.
Keywords:
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