家猪壁冠状动脉形态学观测

目的观测家猪心脏壁冠状动脉(MC)的形态结构,为比较解剖学提供依据。方法40例家猪心脏塑化染料灌注,1.75 mol.L-1甲醛溶液固定,大体解剖,显示MC及其走行,测量有关数据。结果20例(50.00%)猪心出现MC,前室间支、后室间支出现MC的心脏分别为6例(15.00%)和11例(27.50%),前室间支、后室间支、左室前支、右室后支MC近端外径为(1.96±0.71)mm、(2.22±0.46)mm、(3.23±2.11)mm、(0.89±0.59)mm,远端外径为(1.52±0.80)mm、(1.74±0.35)mm、(1.34±0.55)mm、(0.60±0.32)mm。1支血管上可出现1~2处的MC,MC可以扭曲或发出细小分支血管。结论家猪是研究MC理想的动物模型。

Morphological observation of pig′s mural coronary artery

Objective To observe anatomic structure of mural coronary artery （MC） of pig,and to provide foundation for comparative anatomy. Methods Forty pig hearts were poured with plastic dye, and fixed by 1.75 mol ·L^-1 formaldehyde solution and then dissected the hearts in order to show the gross anatomy structure of the MC ,and measured by vernier caliper. Resuits MC presented in twenty cases （50.00%）. Among 20 cases of the hearts, anterior interventricular branch （6 cases, 15.00% ） , and posterior interventricular branch （ 11 cases ,27.50% ） presented MC. The proximate external diameter of anterior interventricular branch, posterior interventricular branch,left ventricular anterior branch and right ventricular posterior branch was （ 1.96 ± 0.71 ） mm, （ 2.22 ± 0.46 ） mm, （ 3.23 ± 2.11 ） mm and （0.89 ± 0.59 ） mm, and the distal end external diameter of them was （1.59 ±0.80）mm,（1.74 ±0.35）mm,（1.34 ±0.55）mm and （0.60±0.32）mm. There could he 1 -2 MCs on one MC, and MC could distort or send out many small blood vessels. Conclusion Pig is an ideal animal model for studying mural coro- nary artery.