高住低训过程中血氧饱和度变化及其与血红蛋白变化的关联

目的:观察低氧运动过程中脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)和血红蛋白(Hb)的变化规律,探讨科学进行高住低训的评价指标.方法:8名男性受试者每晚于15.4%O2低氧环境中暴露10小时,白天在常氧环境下训练.测定高住低训过程中,常氧运动、急性低氧暴露10小时、高住低训第1、2、3、4周时低氧运动(15.4%O2,76.5%VO2max强度)中SpO2及安静时Hb.结果:(1)常氧状态下运动时SpO2下降幅度最小,急性低氧暴露时最大.随着受试者对低氧运动的适应,SpO2下降幅度逐渐减小.(2)常氧运动中,SpO2在运动开始时下降.随着运动时间的延长SpO2逐渐回升到运动前水平;急性低氧运动时,SpO2一直处于低水平,至恢复期10分钟仍未恢复到运动前水平.随着受试者对低氧运动的适应,虽然运动中SpO2下降,但运动后10分钟已恢复到安静时水平.(3)高住低训过程中,Hb呈上升趋势,第4周时有所下降,且SpO2与Hb的变化存在较大个体差异.结论:进行4周HiLo,机体逐渐适应了低氧环境;个体SpO2和Hb的变化可能存有一定的关联性.提示可以将SpO2作为评价低氧适应的生理指标.

Effects of Hypoxic Exercise on Oxygen Saturation and the Variation of Hemoglobin during HiLo

Objective To investigate the effects of exercise on oxygen saturation (SpO 2) and the variation of hemoglobin (Hb) during "living high-training low"(HiLo). Methods Eight male soccer players stayed at night in hypoxic environment(15.4%O 2, 10hr/day), and trained at sea level for 4 weeks. The effects of hypoxic exercise on SpO 2 and Hb before?during and after HiLo were determined. Results (1) SpO 2 declined least significantly in normoxic exercise, and most significant in acute hypoxic exercise. With the adaptation to the hypoxia, the extent of decline in SpO 2 reduced during hypoxic exercise. (2) SpO 2 declined at the beginning during exercising in normoxia and recovered with prolongation of exercise, however, it was not able to recover within 10min after the exercise in acute hypoxia. (3) Hb tended to increase in HiLo, but decreased in the 4th week. There were individual differences in SpO 2 and Hb. Conclusion The subjects adapted to hypoxia gradually during HiLo, and the individual difference in SpO 2 was interrelated with the change in Hb. SpO 2 could be an effective parameter for evaluating the adaptation to hypoxia.