沙颍河沿岸不同水质地区居民恶性肿瘤死亡率比较

目的]比较沙颍（以下简称“SY”）河污染区及对照区居民恶性肿瘤死亡率，探索环境污染对恶性肿瘤发病率可能存在的影响。方法]在sY河流经的某县境内，依据该县以往水质监测报告数据，对报告进行分析后，设定水质状况较好的某乡镇为对照区，较差的某乡镇为污染区，运用全国第三次死因回顾调查方法，对2007-2009年间两区人群死亡状况进行调查。结果]污染区恶性肿瘤标化死亡率为178．7／10万，高于对照区109．5／10万（X^2=30．906，P=0．000）。两区男性肿瘤发病率高于女性。污染区居民肺癌、肝癌、直肠癌死亡率均高于对照区（分别为X^2=15．645，P=0．000；X^2=10．582，P=0．001；X^2==4．321，P=0．038）。0-及20-年龄组的肿瘤死亡率差异无统计学意义，55～年龄组污染区肿瘤死亡率高于对照区（X^2=38．992，P=0．000）。结论]SY河污染可能致使当地居民恶性肿瘤死亡率升高。

Comparison of Cancer Mortality in Residents Living in Different Surface Water Quality Areas along Shaying River

Abstract： Objective ] To compare the cancer mortality in residents living in the polluted and control surface water areas along the Shaying River, and to reveal the relationship between environmental pollution and incidence of malignant tumors. Methods ] On the basis of previous water quality monitoring data of S county, a zone with better water quality was selected as control area, compared to a contaminated zone with poor water quality. Cause of death in the selected areas in a three-year period （2007-2009） was investigated according to the third national retrospective survey on cause of death. Results ] The standardized cancer-related mortality in the polluted area was 178.7 per 100000 persons, higher than that of the control area, 109.5 per 100000 persons （;（2=30.906, P=0.000）. The male cancer incidence is higher than the female for both areas. Significantly higher mortalities of lung, liver, colorectal cancer were found in the polluted area than in the control area （（2=15.645, P=0.000; ~=10.582, P=0.001; %2=4.321, P=0.038, respectively）. In different age groups, a remarkably higher mortality only appeared in the group over 55 years old （;（2=38.992, P=0.000）. Conclusion ] The pollution of Shaying River may elevate the cancer mortality in nearby residents and the group over 55 years old in the polluted area has a significantly higher cancer mortality rate than those in the control area.