济南机务段部分机车司机疾病与心理健康状况调查

目的]掌握机车司机的健康状况,做好劳动用工安全和健康保健指导。方法]2004年12月至2006年12月,对济南铁路局机务段的部分机车司机进行健康体检,调查部分司机值乘前、后的疲劳情况,测试部分司机的心理健康状况。结果]调查1959人,心电图异常占33.64%,脂肪肝占33.54%,视力不良占22.53%,高血压占22.00%,高血脂占21.03%,前列腺疾病占7.40%,高血糖占5.36%,胆囊结石占1.99%。测试383名机车司机,SCL-90躯体症状、强迫症状、人际关系、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、敌对情绪、恐怖情绪、偏执情绪、精神病型因子及阳性项目数均高于国内常模(P<0.01)。调查52名当班机车司机,有全身懒倦、腰酸痛、肩酸痛、腿无力、腿痛、无唾液、口发粘、口发干、打哈欠等疲劳症状者所占比例,退乘后均高于出乘前(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论]机车司机的疾病患病率较高,心理健康状况较差,班后疲劳明显。

Investigation on Disease and the Status of Mental Health among Locomotive Drivers in Ji'nan

Objective]To understand health condition among locomotive drivers,to insure labor safety and give the guidance of health care.Methods]Physical examination was conducted for some locomotive drivers from Dec 2004 to Dec 2006.The status of fatigue was investigated before and after work and the status of mental health was tested for some locomotive drivers.Results]Of the 1 959 persons investigated,abnormal ECG,fatty liver,dysphotia,hypertension,hyperlipemia,prostatosis,hyperglycosemia and gallbladder stone accounted for 33.64%,33.54%,22.53%,22.00%,21.03%,7.40%,5.36% and 1.99%.respectively.SCL-90 somatic sign was tested for 383 drivers.Obsessive compulsive disorder,interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,hostility,and emotional terror,paranoia,factor of vesanic type and positive items tested were all higher than that the national investigation(P<0.01).52 drivers on duty were investigated,more drivers had the symptoms of languor all over the body,lumbar and shoulder pain,skelasthenia,skelalgia,no saliva,dry mouth and yawn after working than before(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Conclusion]The morbidity of the diseases was higher among locomotive drivers,the status of mental health was poor,fatigue was obvious after working.