沿海产盐区与非产盐区哺乳期妇女碘营养水平和甲状腺功能调查

目的了解福建沿海产盐区与非产盐区哺乳期妇女碘营养状况及其甲状腺功能水平,为科学防治碘缺乏病提供依据。方法选择产盐区翔安区和非产盐区集美区为调查点,调查居民饮用水水碘含量,哺乳期妇女家中的碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率及其尿碘水平和血清甲状腺激素水平。结果产盐区、非产盐区哺乳期妇女家中合格碘盐食用率分别为91.18%和96.67%,尿碘中位数分别为131.20μg/L和104.35μg/L,尿碘<100μg/L的比例分别为35.29%和46.66%;产盐区与非产盐区哺乳期妇女的甲状腺激素TPOAb、TGA、TT3、TT4、FT3、FT4、TSH、Tg的中位数均在正常范围,两区均有部份哺乳期妇女存在甲状腺功能减退倾向,产盐区较非产盐区更为严重。结论目前的盐碘浓度对产盐区和非产盐区哺乳期妇女总体是适宜的,产盐区和非产盐区均有部分哺乳期妇女存在碘营养不足和甲状腺功能减退倾向。应对哺乳期妇女开展常规碘营养和甲状腺功能监测,采取针对性补碘措施,以控制碘缺乏病的发生。

Investigation of iodine nutritional status and thyroid function of lactating women in coastal salt-producing areas and coastal non-salt-producing areas of Xiamen city

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status and thyroid function of lactating women in coastal salt-producing areas and coastal non-salt-producing areas in Xiamen city,and provide the evidence for taking the measurements of IDD control.Methods The Xiangan salt-producing areas and the Jimei non-salt-producing areas were chosen as research spots,the iodine content of household drinking water,coverage rate of iodized salt,proportion of households using adequately iodized salt,urine-iodine and blood thyroid hormone levels in lactating women were investigated.Results The edible qualified iodinated salt rate in salt-producing areas and in non-salt-producing areas was 91.18% and 96.67%,respectively.The median of urinary iodine of the lactating women was 131.20 μg/L and 104.35 μg/L,the proportion of urine-iodine level < 100 μg/L was 35.29% and 46.66%,All the medians of thyroid hormones including TPOAb,TgAb,TT3,TT4,FT3,FT4,TSH and Tg of lactating women in both salt-producing areas and non-salt-producing areas were in normal ranges,but there were some subjects with hypothyroidism detected in our study,the proportion in salt-producing areas were higher than those of non-salt-producing areas.Conclusions The existing salt iodine level was appropriate for lactating women in both salt-producing areas and non-salt-producing areas,but there were insufficient iodine nutrition in this region and hypothyroidism had not been fully eradicated.Routine monitoring of urinary iodine and thyroid function should be carried out among lactating women.Additional supplement of iodine should be taken to prevent and control the occurrence of IDD.