肝病伴糖代谢异常患者的临床分析

目的探讨肝病伴糖代谢异常的临床特点及其可能机制.方法分别对29例慢性乙型肝炎伴糖代谢异常患者及62例乙型肝炎后肝硬化伴糖代谢异常患者进行相关分析.结果 （1）乙型肝炎后肝硬化患者中肝源性糖耐量减低（IGT）及肝源性糖尿病（DM）发生率高于慢性乙型肝炎患者（20.53%对3.82%,P＜0.05;24.11%对1.64%,P＜0.01）.（2）慢性乙型肝炎及乙型肝炎后肝硬化伴肝源性IGT或DM患者均无糖尿病症状,而19例慢性乙型肝炎伴原发性DM者中12例有症状,12例乙型肝炎后肝硬化伴原发性DM者中6例有症状.（3）慢性乙型肝炎伴肝源性IGT或DM者,空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后血糖（PPG）水平均低于伴原发性DM者（P＜0.05）;但前者葡萄糖负荷后胰岛素（PINS）及C肽（PCP）分泌水平高于后者（P＜0.05）.（4）乙型肝炎后肝硬化伴肝源性DM与伴原发性DM患者的FPG、PPG水平差异均无统计学意义,伴肝源性DM患者空腹胰岛素（FINS）、PINS、空腹C肽（FCP）及PCP水平高于伴原发性DM患者（P＜0.05）,但两者的PINS/FINS、PCP/FCP值差异无统计学意义,且小于5;伴肝源性DM患者其FPG、PPG水平均显著高于伴肝源性IGT者（P＜0.05）,FINS、PINS及FCP、PCP水平均低于肝源性IGT患者（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）.结论肝病继发糖代谢异常者多发生于肝硬化患者,且以肝功能损害较重者为主,多无症状;慢性乙型肝炎伴肝源性DM患者胰岛β细胞分泌胰岛素的功能增强,而乙型肝炎后肝硬化伴肝源性DM患者则减弱.

A clinical analysis of liver disease patients with abnormal glucose metabolism

Objective To study the clinical features of liver disease patients with abnormal glucose metabolism. Methods Liver functions and levels of FPG, PPG, FINS, PINS, FCP, and PCP in 91 chronic hepatitis B patients with abnormal glucose metabolism (62 had liver cirrhosis) were analyzed. Results (1) The incidence of hepatogenic impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and of diabetes mellitus (DM) in hepatitis B patients with liver cirrhosis (20.53%; 24.11%) were higher than those without cirrhosis (3.82%; 1.64%; P < 0.05, P < 0.01). (2) There were no diabetic symptoms among any of the hepatogenic IGT and DM patients. 12 of 19 chronic hepatitis B patients with primary DM and 6 of 12 hepatitis B associated liver cirrhosis patients with primary DM had diabetic symptoms. (3) The levels of FPG and PPG in chronic hepatitis B patients with hepatogenic IGT and DM were lower than those in the patients with primary DM (P < 0.05), but the levels of PINS and PCP in chronic hepatitis B patients with hepatogenic IGT and DM were higher than those in the patients with primary DM (P < 0.05). (4) There were no differences in the levels of FPG and PPG between the hepatitis B associated liver cirrhosis patients with hepatogenic DM and those with primary DM (P > 0.05). The levels of FINS, PINS, FCP, and PCP were higher in the hepatitis B associated liver cirrhosis patients with hepatogenic DM than those in the hepatitis B associated liver cirrhosis patients with primary DM (P < 0.05). The levels of FPG and PPG in the hepatogenic DM patients were higher than those in the hepatogenic IGT patients (P < 0.05), but their levels of FINS, PINS, FCP and PCP were lower than those in the hepatogenic IGT patients (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion Hepatogenic IGT and DM are always secondary in severe liver cirrhosis patients, who always showed no diabetic symptoms. The chronic hepatitis B patients with hepatogenic DM had increased insulin secretion, while the hepatitis B associated liver cirrhosis patients with hepatogenic DM had decreased insulin secretion.