阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者血清缺氧预适应因子水平的研究

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者血清血管内皮生长因子、一氧化氮、促红细胞生成素和血浆一氧化碳水平的临床意义。方法经多导睡眠图仪检测确诊OSAHS患者64例，依照呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）分为轻度OSAHS组（5次／h≤AHI≤20次／h）20例；中、重度OSAHS组（AHI〉20次／h）44例。分别测定血清血管内皮生长因子、一氧化氮、促红细胞生成素和一氧化碳。结果中、重度OSAHS组血管内皮生长因子（101±91）ng／L]、一氧化氮（10．3±3．3）μmol/L]和一氧化碳水平（0．56±0．35）mg／L]高于轻度OSAHS组（均P〈0．05），两组间血清促红细胞生成素差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。线性相关性分析显示，血清血管内皮生长因子、一氧化氮和血浆一氧化碳水平与AHI、氧减指数、经皮动脉血氧饱和度（SaO2）〈0．9时间占睡眠时间百分比呈显著正相关，与夜间最低SaO2呈显著负相关（均P〈0．05），未发现促红细胞生成素与各项指标有相关性（P〉0．05）。多元逐步回归分析结果显示，夜间最低SaO2水平是影响血清血管内皮生长因子、一氧化碳水平的独立危险因素（分别为砰=0．198、P=0．001和砰=0．210、P=0．000），SaO2〈0．9时间占睡眠时间百分比是血清一氧化氮水平的独立危险因素（R^2=0．148，P=0．004）、未发现影响血清促红细胞生成素水平的独立危险因素。结论夜间低氧状态是促使OSAHS患者血管内皮生长因子、一氧化氮和血浆一氧化碳升高的主要原因。

A study on the change in blood pre-adaptation factors among patients with obstructive sleep apneahypopnea syndrome

Objective To investigate the changes in serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nitric oxide (NO), erythropoietin (EPO) and plasma level of carbon monoxide (CO) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and their clinical significance. Methods Sixty-four patients diagnosed as OSAHS by polysomnography (PSG), were divided into two groups according to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), 20 in mild group 5/h≤AHI≤20/h, with a mean of (12± 5)/hi and 44 in moderate-severe groupAHI > 20/h, with a mean of (63±23)/h]. Blood samples were obtained from all the patients after PSG for measurement of levels of serum VEGF, NO and EPO and plasma CO. Results Levels of serum VEGF (101±91) ng/L], NO (10.3±3.3) μmol/L]and plasma CO (0.56±0. 35) mg/L]in moderate-severe OSAHS group were significantly higher than those in mild group (all P <0.05). There was no significantly difference in serum level of EPO between the two groups (P> 0.05). Levels of serum VEGF, NO and plasma CO in OSAHS patients positively correlated with AHI and percentage of time with percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation lower than 0. 9 (SLT90) of all sleep time (all P < 0. 05), but reversely correlated with the lowest arterial blood oxygen saturation (LSaO2) at night (P>0.05). No correlation between EPO and all the indicators was found (P>0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that LSaO2 was an independent risk factor to affect levels of serum VEGF and plasma CO (R2=0.198, P=0.001, and R2=0.210, P=0.000, respectively) and SLT90 was an independent risk factor to affect serum level of NO (R2= 0. 148, P=0.004) in OSAHS patients. Conclusion Hypoxia at night is a main cause leading to increased level of serum VEGF, NO and plasma CO in OSAHS patients.