静脉移植骨髓间充质干细胞治疗心肌梗塞的可行性研究

目的：探讨经静脉注射骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）对心肌梗塞大鼠模型心功能的影响及其在体内的分布情况。方法：在心肌梗塞后1周将标记的MSCs注射到大鼠舌下静脉内，在细胞移植后不同时间点取心、肝、脾、肺、肾脏器，进行组织学检查，观察移植细胞的分布。选取心肌梗塞模型大鼠通过心脏超声评价移植后3周、6周心功能改变情况。结果：静脉注射MSCs后其组织结构未发现明显异常改变，早期主要分布在正常心肌组织内，1周后主要分布在梗塞及交界区内，正常心肌组织内很少见细胞存留。超声检查发现在细胞移植后实验组（12只）左心室没有进一步扩大．左心功能明显好于对照组（12只）：左心室收缩末期内径（0．92±0．16）：（1．078±0．15）cm；左心室舒张末期内径（0．66±0．13）：（0．79±0．11）cm；左心室短轴缩短率（28．4±4．2）：（24．3±3．1）％；左室射血分数（52．7±4）：（42．89±4．2）％，P均〈0．05]。结论：静脉注射移植MSCs后细胞可以分布到重要组织器官内，移植细胞有向梗塞心肌组织内迁移的趋势，能明显延缓左心室重构及其所导致的心功能恶化。

Study of the feasibility of bone marrow MSCs injected through systemic vein to improve heart function after myocardial infarction

Objective： To study the feasibility of intraveinous injected MSCs to delay heart function deterioration, and distribution of the transplanted cells in organs. Methods： Bone marrow MSCs were injected into the subglossal vein of the SD rats on 7th day after the myocardial infarction were created, and the organs such as lung, heart, liver, renal, spleen were harvested at different time after transplantation. In order to assess the efficiency of this approach of cell transplantation, 24 SD rats were averagely divided into experiment group and control group, MSCs or medium was given. The diameters and function were evaluated through transthoracic echocardiography after 3 weeks and 6 weeks. Results： After injection, the MSCs could distributed into the heart and non-targeted organ, such as spleen, renal, lung, but scarcely in the liver, the structure of these organs remain normal. The cells migrating into myocardium had a tendency to the infracted area. The left ventricle function did not exacerbate after injection of MSCs compared with controlgroup MSCs： control： LVESd （0.92±0.16） ： （1.078±0.15） cm; LVEDd （0.66±0.13） ： （0.79±0.11） cm; FS （28.4±4.2） ： （24.3±3.1）%; LVEF （52.7±4） ： （42.89±4.2）%, P〈0.05 all]. Conclusion： The intravenously injection of MSCs is a feasible and safe approach to restore the heart function after MI.