Diagnostic radiology in acute pediatric abdomen

Acute pediatric abdomen is a very common clinical problem. Clinical and laboratory findings, however, are nonspecific or confusing in many instances. This review article focuses on strategy in diagnosing acute pediatric abdomen. A variety of diseases such as appendicitis, gastroenteritis, mesenteric adenitis, intestinal intussusception, Henoch-Sch?lein purpura, Crohn's disease, Meckel's diverticulitis, duodenal ulcer, congenital biliary dilatation, ovarian torsion, and anomaly of the internal genitalia are discussed in this article. Selection of an appropriate imaging modality is essential to ensure prompt management. In the majority of cases, ultrasound can provide specific diagnoses, whereas in others valuable supplemental information can be obtained. CT will be reserved for selected patients in whom further information is needed. Indications of MR imaging in the management of acute pediatric abdomen are currently limited. MR imaging, however, is indicated on an emergency or semi-emergency basis in selected conditions including anomaly of the internal genitalia, ovarian torsion, and congenital biliary dilatation.