乌鲁木齐市孕期妇女叶酸及神经管畸形认知现况调查

目的了解乌鲁木齐市孕期妇女叶酸及神经管畸形相关知识的知晓率及其影响因素,为更好地完成卫生部部署的叶酸项目推广工作提供依据。方法采用自行编制问卷对乌鲁木齐市人民医院、乌鲁木齐市妇幼保健院、新疆医科大学第一附属医院妇产科门诊就诊的300名孕期妇女进行调查,了解乌鲁木齐市孕期妇女对叶酸及神经管畸形相关知识的了解情况。结果叶酸知识的平均知晓率为60.18%,神经管畸形知识平均知晓率为39.74%;其中叶酸正确服用量及正确服用时间知晓率较低,分别为47.7%和46.3%;神经管畸形发生时间知晓率为36.7%,叶酸能够预防神经管畸形的知晓率仅为47.3%。不同年龄、民族、教育程度,家庭经济情况孕妇叶酸知识知晓情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同民族、教育程度孕妇对神经管畸形知晓率差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论叶酸预防神经管畸形知识的平均知晓率在乌鲁木齐的目标人群中很低,对少数民族、低文化程度及年龄较低孕妇人群有必要加大叶酸预防神经管畸形知识的宣传力度。

Survey of folic acid and neural tube defects knowledge awareness in Urumqi pregnant women

Objective To understand folic acid knowledge awareness of folic acid and neural tube defects(NTDs) in pregnant women in Urumqi area in order to better finish the deployment of health promotion project.Methods A total of 300 pregnant women in People′s Hospital of Urumqi,Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Urumqi,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were investigated for questionnaire survey.Results The folic acid average awareness rate was 60.18%,the neural tube malformation average awareness rate was only 39.74%,while the awareness rates of the right time of intaking folic acid were 47.7% and 46.3%;the awareness of the time that NTDs occurrence was 36.7%,the awareness of folic acid can prevent NTDs only 47.3%.In different ages,ethnics,education levels,family economic conditions,the folic acid knowledge of pregnant was significant difference(P<0.05).In different ethnics,educational levels,awareness of NTDs in pregnant women was significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Neural tube malformation knowledge of folic acid prevention awareness in Urumqi has low average awareness rate,especially in the minority and low degree of culture group.So it is necessary to prevent neural tube malformation folic acid and increase knowledge propaganda dynamics among minorities,low education level and lower age of the pregnant women population.