妊娠期糖代谢异常对妊娠结局的影响

目的分析妊娠期糖耐量受损(GIGT)及妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)对妊娠结局的影响。方法选择2005年1月-2011年10月在新疆喀什地区叶城县人民医院就诊的253例孕妇,将诊断为糖代谢异常的孕妇作为观察组,以同期在我院进行产检的糖代谢正常的孕妇为对照组,对两组孕妇的妊娠结局进行分析。结果 253例孕妇中50g葡萄糖耐量试验(50g GCT)阳性者74例,阳性率为29.24%(74/253)。阳性者经75g糖耐量试验(OG-TT)试验确诊GDM 6例,GIGT者15例,患病率分别为2.37%(6/253)和5.93%(15/253)。与对照组比较,观察组年龄、体质指数、体质量增长均高于对照组,观察组孕妇剖宫产率、早产发生率明显高于对照组孕妇,观察组围生儿的巨大儿、新生儿低血糖发生率明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期糖代谢异常可引起妊娠及新生儿并发症,应有效控制妊娠期血糖,对孕妇进行GDM的筛查和规范化管理能减少母儿并发症的发生。

Analysis of the outcome of abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy on pregnancy

Objective To study the gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) and gestational impaired glucose tolerance(GIGT) on pregnancy outcome.Methods From January 2005 to October 2011 among the people in People′s Hospital of Yecheng County,253 cases of pregnant women as the object of study,pregnant women diagnosed with abnormal glucose metabolism were the observation group,the same period for check the OGTT of pregnant women were the control group,compared the pregnancy outcomes.Results In January 2005 to October 2011,Yecheng County People′s Hospital in Kashgar 253 cases of pregnant women,prenatal care 50 g GCT positive(1 h after oral administration of 50 g glucose blood glucose ≥7.8 mmol/L) were a total of 74 cases,the positive rate was 29.24%(74/253).After 75 g OGTT positive confirmatory test,6 patients were GDM,15 cases were GIGT,the prevalence rates were 2.37%(6/253) and 5.93%(15/253).Age,body mass index,weight gain of observation group were higher than the control group.Cesarean section rate,incidence of preterm birth was significantly higher than the control group,the huge group of children perinatal,neonatal hypoglycemia was significantly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy can cause pregnancy and neonatal complications,it should be effective control of blood sugar during pregnancy,all pregnant women for GDM screening and standardized management were needed to reduce mother and child complications.