几种抗癌化疗药物致大鼠口腔溃疡模型的比较研究

目的比较不同化疗药导致大鼠口腔溃疡的特点,寻找一种稳定可靠的化疗药导致的口腔溃疡模型。方法大鼠右侧口腔黏膜内分别注射相应化疗药复制大鼠口腔溃疡模型,记录大鼠体质量、摄食量、溃疡直径;进行黏膜组织病理学观察,黏膜局部炎症因子等mRNA表达检测,脏器指数计算,外周血T淋巴细胞亚群检测。结果造模后大鼠体质量、摄食量均明显下降;顺铂、紫杉醇组大鼠黏膜明显溃疡,组织病理学观察可见黏膜上皮受损脱落;黏膜组织IL^-1βmRNA表达明显升高,EGFR mRNA表达明显降低,脏器指数无明显变化;甲氨蝶呤、长春新碱、阿霉素组无明显溃疡,但脏器指数下降,细胞因子表达下降;各组外周血T淋巴细胞亚群无明显差异。结论大鼠口腔黏膜内局部注射化疗药顺铂或紫杉醇可形成稳定的口腔溃疡模型。溃疡直径、摄食量、细胞因子和炎症介质表达等可用于评价药物的治疗作用。

A comparative study on rat models of oral mucosal ulcers caused by several anti-cancer chemotherapy drugs

Aim To compare the characteristics of rat oral ulcer models caused by different chemotherapeutic drugs in order to find a stable oral ulcer model caused by chemotherapy drugs.Methods Except the control group,each group was injected with corresponding concentrations of chemotherapeutic drugs in the right buccal mucosa.During the experiment,the weight,food consumption,oral ulcer diameter were recorded;at the end of the experiment,ulcer diameter,oral mucosa histopathology,oral mucosa local cytokine level,organ index and T lymphocytes subtype in peripheral blood were observed.Results The body weight and food consumption of the animals in each group were significantly lower than those in control group after injection of chemotherapy drugs;obvious oral mucosal ulceration was observed in DDP group and PTX group,and broken and shed mucosa were observed by optical microscope in the two groups.The level of IL^-1βmRNA in local mucosal tissues significantly increased,and the level of EGFR mRNA was significantly reduced in the tow groups,but organ index did not change significantly.Ulcers were not observed in MTX,VLB,and AMD groups,but organ index and cytokine significantly decreased.T lymphocyte subtypes had no difference among the animals in each group.Conclusions Injecting cisplatin or paclitaxel in rat oral mucosa can induce a stable oral ulcer model,which can be used in therapeutic evaluation of anti-oral ulcer drugs by observing ulcer diameter,food consumption,cytokines level etc.