国内诺如病毒胃肠炎疫情分子流行病学分析

目的 研究诺如病毒聚集性胃肠炎疫情在国内的流行现状. 方法 运用系统综述的方法在万方数据库、维普咨讯数据库、CNKI数据库、生物文献数据库及pubmed数据库中检索关于国内诺如病毒聚集性胃肠炎疫情的文献.结果 国内从2003年1月-2012年6月共发生83起诺如病毒胃肠炎疫情.从地点分布来看,疫情主要集中在广东省、浙江省,其次是北京市、广西省;从季节分布来说,诺如病毒胃肠炎疫情每季度均有发生,但秋冬季高发（10、1、2月份）;从发生场所来说,疫情主要发生在学校、医疗卫生保健机构;水源性、人与人密切接触传播为其主要传播途径.人与人密切接触传播多为GⅡ.4型感染所致. 结论 学校等作为诺如病毒胃肠炎疫情防控工作的重点场所,应加强诺如病毒防治知识培训,提高疫情报告敏感性和及时性.

Molecular Epidemiology of Norovirus in Clustering of Gastroenteritis in China

Objective To analyze molecular epidemiology of norovirus in clustering of gastroenteritis in China.Methods Systematic review method was used to retrieve literatures about norovirus associated gastroenteritis outbreaks in WANFANG DATA,VIP DATA,CNKI DATA,Cbmdisc DATA and PubMed DATA.Results A total of 83 epidemics of norovirus gastroenteritis were reported in China from January 2003 to June 2012.Norovirus gastroenteritis occurred mainly in Guangdong Province,Zhejiang Province,Beijing,and Guangxi Province.It occurred in each season,but mostly during autumn and winter （in October,January,and February）.Norovirus gastroenteritis outbreaks occurred mostly in schools and medical and health care institutions.Waterborne and person-to-person transmissions were the main transmission routes.A high proportion of norovirus gastroenteritis transmitted by people-to-people contact was associated with G Ⅱ.4 strains.Conclusions Schools are the focus of clustering of norovirus gastroenteritis.Training on the knowledge about the prevention and control of norovirus gastroenteritis should be strengthened and the sensitivity and timeliness of the epidemic report should be improved.