社区儿童家长预防接种知识知晓情况调查

目的 了解社区儿童家长对预防接种知识的知晓情况,为制定有效的健康教育措施提供依据. 方法 于2012年10-12月随机抽取辖区内的420名儿童家长进行问卷调查,并对调查结果行统计学分析. 结果 家长对疫苗接种前后的注意事项、疫苗可能引起不良反应的知晓率低;儿童的父亲与母亲、不同年龄的家长对预防接种知识知晓率间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;家长的文化程度越高,对预防接种知识的知晓率越高;常住儿童家长的知晓率高于流动儿童家长;年经济收入越高,家长对预防接种知识的知晓率越高;不同文化程度的儿童家长、常住儿童与流动儿童家长、不同经济状况的家长对预防接种知识的知晓率间比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）. 结论 社区卫生服务中心应将疫苗接种后可能出现的不良反应、接种前后的注意事项作为健康教育的重点内容;应重点做好低文化程度、经济状况较差和流动儿童家长的健康教育工作.

Survey on the Awareness of Vaccination-related Knowledge Among the Parents of Community Children

Objective To investigate the awareness of vaccination-related knowledge in the parents of community children,and provide evidence for the development of effective health education.Methods Four hundred and twenty parents of community children were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire survey in Lubei District,Tangshan City,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results The awareness rates of notice before and Mter vaccination and side effects caused by vaccines among the parents were lower.No statistically significant difference was found in the awareness rate of vaccination-related knowledge between fathers and mothers and among the parents with different ages （P ＞0.05）.The higher the parents＇ educational level,the higher the parents＇ awareness rate.The awareness rate was higher in resident children＇ parents than in floating children＇ parents.The higher the annual income,the higher the awareness rate of vaccination-related knowledge.There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate of vaccination-related knowledge among the parents with different educational levels,different residence and different economic conditions （P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusions More attention should be paid to the parents with lower educational level,poor economic conditions and migrant children in conducting health education in the community health centers; moreover,the education should focus on the notice before and after vaccination and side effects caused by vaccines.