神经外科气管切开患者口咽部细菌定植的临床研究

目的：探讨神经外科气管切开患者口咽部细菌定植及影响因素研究。方法：选择神经外科行气管切开患者共51例,术后1、3、7d采集痰标本进行细菌培养,比较定植菌检出例数,呼吸道感染例数,分析影响因素。结果：呼吸道感染例数、检出定植菌例数第7天比第1天多,差异具有显著性,P〈0.05。疾病严重程度、抵抗力下降、置管时间、机械通气、止酸剂、胃肠内营养、镇痛药、抗生素在单因素分析后的结果具有统计学意义,P〈0.05。疾病严重程度、抵抗力下降、置管时间在多因素分析后的结果具有统计学意义,P〈0.05。结论：为了控制气管切开患者细菌定植和呼吸道感染,可采取缩短置管时间的措施。

Clinical Study of Oropharyngeal Bacterial Colonization in Neurosurgical Patients with Tracheotomy

Objective： To investigate oropharyngeal bacterial colonization in neurosurgical patients with tracheotomy and influencing factors.Method： Selected 51 patients with tracheotomy in neurosurgery,on the first day,third day and 7th day after tracheotomy,sputum samples were collected and bacteria were cultured.Compared the number of patients whose bacteria were detected,respiratory tract were infected,and analyzed the influential factors.Result： Respiratory infection cases and bacterial detected cases on the 7th days after tracheotomy were significantly more than the cases on the first day（P 0.05）.Disease severity,decreased resistance,catheter retention time,mechanical ventilation,antacids,nutrition in the gastrointestinal,analgesics,antibiotics,which were statistically significant on single factor analysis（P〈0.05）,disease severity,decreased resistance,catheter retention time,which were statistically significant on multivariate analysis（P〈0.05）.Conclusion： In order to reduce respiratory infections and bacterial colonization on patients with tracheotomy,catheter retention time should be shorten.