大鼠急性肺血栓栓塞症模型的建立及其血液细胞黏附分子的变化

目的探讨建立大鼠急性肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)模型的方法,并观察急性PTE大鼠血清可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)及可溶性血管细胞粘附分子-1(sVCAM-1)的变化及意义。方法通过颈外静脉注入血凝块建立PTE大鼠模型,于制模后2h、6h、1d、3d、7d及14d处死大鼠,取左肺做苏木素-伊红(HE)及磷钨酸苏木素(PTAH)染色,检测血清sICAM-1及sVCAM-1浓度。结果PTE组可见血栓栓塞于肺动脉,栓塞后2h组可见血栓表面有白细胞附着,6h组有继发血栓形成,1d组血栓内炎性细胞浸润明显,3d组局部血管壁炎症及肺损伤,7d组及14d组血栓消失。PTE后2h组血清sVCAM-1、6h组血清sICAM-1浓度分别高于Sham组并持续至第14d。结论颈外静脉注入自体血栓可建立大鼠PTE模型。栓塞后血清sVCAM-1及sICAM-1浓度升高可能参与了栓塞后局部炎性细胞黏附及继发肺损伤。

Establishment of rat model of acute pulmonary thromboembolism and the changes of serum cell adhesion molecule

Objective To investigate the method to establish a rat model of pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE) and observe the changes and meaning of the serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(sVCAM-1) thereof.Methods Thrombus cylinders were injected into the external jugular veins of 84 SD rats so as to establish a model of PTE.Seven rats were sacrificed by bloodletting at each time points,i.e.2 h,6 h,1 d,3 d,7 d,and 14 d after the injection and their left lungs were taken out to undergo haematoxyllin-eosin(HE)staining and phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin(PTAH) staining.ELISA was used to detect the levels of serum sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 in the serum.Another 7 rats were injected with thrombus cylinders and killed immediately after the injection to undergo pathological examination.Results Thrombi were found in the pulmonary arteries of all PTE subgroups.Two hours after the injection of thrombus cylinders white blood cells were found to adhere to the surface of thrombus.Secondary thrombosis was observed in the PTE 6 h subgroup,inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the 1d subgroup,local vessel wall inflammation and injury of lungs were observed in the 3 d subgroup,and no thrombus was found in the 7 d and 4 d subgroups.The levels of serum sVCAM-1 of the PTE 6 h,1 d,3 d,7 d,and 14 d subgroups were all significantly higher than those of the corresponding subgroups in the sham group and that of the PTE 2h subgroup(all P<0.05).There were no significant differences in serum sVCAM-1 among different time-point subgroup in the sham group(all P>0.05).The sICAM-1 levels of the PTE 6h,1d,3d,7d,and 14 d subgroups were all significantly higher than that of the PTE 2h subgroup(all P<0.05).There were no significant differences in serum sLCAM-1 among PTE 6 h,1 d,3 d,7 d,and 14 d subgroups and among the different time-point subgroups of the sham group(all P>0.06).Conclusion Rat model of PTE can be established by injection of thrombus cylinders into the external jugular vein.The elevation of serum sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 after thromboembolism may participate in the local inflammatory cell adhesion and secondary lung injury.