特大洪涝灾害对鼠类种群结构和数量的影响及其与流行性出血热发病关系和防治策略的探讨

本文报告受特大洪水围困的庄台室内外鼠密度都远高于非水灾地区,受灾地区室内鼠类数量的增加主要是褐家鼠的迁入,室外黑线姬鼠种群组成主要是亚成体和成体1组:7～8月曹集区流行性出血热出现流行高峰,主要是洪水酿成鼠类迁移所致,开展有效灭鼠,可控制本病流行。灾区灭鼠应选用抗凝血灭鼠剂,急性灭鼠剂不宜采用;在高密度情况下采用饱和投饵法灭鼠效果较好:在洪水消退前开展灭鼠工作最为有利。

A study on the influance of flooding on rodents population and their transmission of EHF and the prevention approaches

It is reported that th this paper the influence on rodent's population during the severe flooding had been observed in Chaoji District, Funan county, Anhui province in the summer in 1991. The paper also describes the possible spreading of EHF and some prevention approaches are suggested. The euthors hold that after field investigation, the spreading possibility of EHF rises during the flooding though there is a decrease in rodents absolute population in the flooded areas, Because of their excellent adaptability of the Rattus norvegicus and the Apodemas agrarius, being the main source of transmission of EHF in the procinse, are good at swimming. They manage to survive ia staying with the floating objects in the water or swimming onto the plateua where people temporally accommodate to make it the rodents population sharply increases so with the rise of possibility of the spreading of EHF. In distributing rodenticides in the flooded areas it is important to use safer anticoagulant rodenticides, Quick effect rodeuticides, being harmful to human as well. are unfit to be used in the plateau where the human population is much more density due to the limited space available. A saturation quantity baits is emphasized in distributing anticoagulant rodenticides because of rodents densely population. As for the distributing time it is best to begin before the flood reecden when the rodent population remains dense and thus makes the distributing work cconomical iu labour, time and baits.