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The prevention of osteoporosis and sarcopenia in older adults |
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| Authors: | Patrick P Coll MD AGSF Steven Phu MSc Samah H Hajjar MBBS Ben Kirk PhD Gustavo Duque MD PhD Pam Taxel MD |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Family Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA;2. Department of Medicine–Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
Falls, Balance, and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;3. Department of Medicine, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA;4. Department of Medicine–Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, Australia Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia;5. Department of Medicine–Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, Australia;6. Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA |
| Abstract: | Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are common in older adults. Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. Bone fractures can result in changes in posture, pain, the need for surgical repair and functional impairment. Sarcopenia is the progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength and/or physical performance. Older adults with sarcopenia experience increased risk of frailty, disability, hospitalizations, mortality, and a reduced quality of life. In this narrative review we provide guidance regarding the prevention of both osteoporosis and sarcopenia, including interventions that prevent both conditions from occurring, recommended screening and treatment to prevent progression. |
| Keywords: | osteoporosis older adult prevention sarcopenia |