丙型肝炎病毒在供、受血者间传播的调查

采用市售第二代抗HCVELISA试剂对一组供、受血者血清抗HCV进行了抽查。结果表明，未经地方血站抗HCV筛选的献血员血清抗HCV阳性率为18．57％，经筛选后为1．03％～5．24％，正常人群为1．98％，同期受血者为7．59％，抗HCV阳性与阴性献血者HCVRNA检测阳性率分别为56．8％与20．0％。在9例接受抗HCV阳性血液的受血者中，1例患者受血前后抗HCV均为阳性，5例抗HCV及6例HCVRNA阳转，6例血清HCV感染标志阳转者中4例ALT明显较正常为高，其中3例因临床症状较重而再次住院治疗。研究还发现3例输血感染者所接受的血液中抗HCV呈低表达状态（采用ELISA检测，OD值0．22～0．39），并对此进行了讨论。

Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus Between Blood Donors and Blood Recipients

Using ELISA and RT-nested PCR, we detected the anti-HCV and HCV RNA in sera of a group of blood donors and blood recipients. Results showed that the anti-HCV were 1. 03 %~ 5. 24 % in blood donors who had been screened for anti-HCV by local blood station, 7. 59% in hospitalized blood recipients, and 1. 98% in healthy population. The HCV RNA detection rates were 56. 8% in anti-HCV positive donors, 20.0 % in anti-HCV negative donors. Among 9 cases of reciptients who had received anti-HCV positive blood (150~600 ml), one case was anti-HCV seropositive be fore blood transfusion, five cases had a detectable anti-HCV in sera, and six cases became HCV RNA seropositive during the following period (49~141days after blood transfusion). Furthermore, four cases infected with HCV had an elevated ALT level eventually, and three cases had to be hospitalized again for serious clinical manifestations.