HS-SPME-GC-MS和主成分分析红车轴草不同部位挥发油成分

目的:分析红车轴草不同部位挥发油成分差异。方法:采用顶空固相微萃取法萃取红车轴草挥发油成分,结合气相色谱质谱联用法分析其组成,面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量,主成分分析挥发油成分。结果:红车轴草茎、叶和花共鉴定出155种化合物,包括烃类55种、醇类29种、酮类23种、酯类13种、醛类21种、酸类2种、酚类3种、杂环及其他类化合物9种。茎鉴定出95种化合物,占挥发性成分的94.15%,主要含有35种烃类(39.14%),18种醇类(10.86%),16种酮类(19.61%),6种酯类(4.06%),11种醛类(7.48%);叶鉴定出89种化合物,占挥发性成分的95.17%,主要含有37种烃类(41.58%),16种醇类(14.88%),12种酮类(18.18%),3种酯类(9.27%),14种醛类(4.69%);花鉴定出78种化合物,占挥发性成分的91.66%,主要含有28种烃类(45.24%),12种醇类(4.81%),10种酮类(11.57%),8种酯类(6.65%),11种醛类(9.24%)。茎、叶和花3个样品获得的挥发油成分总峰面积分别为0.56×109,1.14×109,0.55×109,叶中挥发油具有最大的峰面积。3个部位样品中共有成分为41种,但茎、叶和花含有特有成分分别为29,41,14种。2个主成分可代表3个样品的155种挥发油成分,样品之间的主成分分析综合评分具有较大差异,叶样品的综合评分最高。结论:红车轴草茎、叶和花挥发油成分种类和含量存在较大的差异。

Volatile Oil Compounds in Different Parts of Trifolium pratense Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS and Principal Component Analysis

Objective:To analyze the differences of volatile components in various parts of Trifolium pratense. Method:The volatile oils were extracted by the method of headspace solid phase micro-extraction. The chemical components were determined by GC-MS, quantified by the area normalization method, and analyzed by the principal component analysis. Result:Totally 155 volatile oil compounds were identified from stems, leaves and flowers of T. pretense, including 55 hydrocarbons, 29 alcohols, 23 ketones, 13 esters, 21 aldehydes, 2 acids, 3 phenols, and 9 heterocyclic and other compounds. Totally 95 compounds were identified from stems, accounting for 94.15% of volatile components, mainly containing 35 kinds of hydrocarbons (39.14%), 18 alcohols (10.86%), 16 ketones (19.61%), 6 esters (4.06%) and 11 aldehydes (7.48%). Totally 89 compounds were identified from leaves, taking up 95.17% of volatile components, mainly containing 37 kinds of hydrocarbons (41.58%), 16 alcohols (14.88%), 12 ketones (18.18%), 3 esters (9.27%) and 14 aldehydes (4.69%). Totally 78 compounds were identified from flowers, occupying 91.66% of volatile components, mainly containing 28 kinds of hydrocarbons (45.24%), 12 alcohols (4.81%), 10 ketones (11.57%), 8 esters (6.65%) and 11 aldehydes (9.24%). The total peak areas of volatile oil obtained from the 3 samples of stems, leaves and flowers were respectively 0.56×10⁹, 1.14×10⁹ and 0.55×10⁹, with the largest total peak area in volatile oil of leaves. There were 41 constituents in 3 parts in total; stems, leaves and flowers contained 29, 41 and 14 specific components, respectively. The 2 principal components could represent 155 kinds of volatile oil components of the 3 samples. The principal component analysis showed great differences among the samples, with the highest comprehensive score for leaves samples. Conclusion:There are great differences between species and content of volatile oil from stems, leaves and flowers of T. pratense.