32例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者流行病学和临床特征分析

 目的 探讨武汉外新型冠状病毒肺炎（简称为新冠肺炎）患者流行病学和主要临床特征。方法 收集2020年1月22日—2月28日在某院收治的新冠肺炎确诊病例资料，详细询问患者接触史，比较输入病例与本地病例的临床特征以及实验室检测、影像学检查结果。结果 共纳入32例新冠肺炎确诊患者，包括14例（43.75%）输入病例和18例（56.25%）本地病例。27例（84.38%）患者具有明确的接触史，5例（15.62%）患者接触史不明。家庭聚集（66.67%）为主要传播途径。患者年龄中位数为42（32.5，50.5）岁，女性19例（59.37%）。首发症状主要为干咳（23例，71.88%）、发热（16例，50.00%）和咳痰（13例，40.63%）。潜伏期中位数为6.5（0，9）d，首发症状到确诊中位数为7（4.5，9）d，确诊到出院中位数为12（9，16）d。实验室异常指标包括白细胞计数、淋巴细胞绝对计数、清蛋白、CD4⁺和CD8⁺T淋巴细胞计数降低，C反应蛋白、D-二聚体和纤维蛋白原增高。81.25%（26例）患者肺部双侧受累。输入病例和本地病例的淋巴细胞绝对计数差异具有统计学意义（P=0.044），其他实验室检查结果无差异（均P>0.05）。32例患者均已治愈出院。结论 该市新冠肺炎疫情处于低流行，主要表现为家庭聚集性传播，输入病例和本地病例的临床特征差异不明显。

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 32 patients with COVID-19

Objective To explore epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) outside Wuhan. Methods Data of confirmed COVID-19 patients who were admitted to a hospital from January 22 to February 28, 2020 were collected, contact history of patients was inquired in detail, clinical characteristics, laboratory test results and imaging findings of imported and local cases were compared. Results A total of 32 confirmed COVID-19 patients were studied, including 14 cases (43.75%) of imported cases and 18 cases (56.25%) of local cases. 27 patients (84.38%) had definite contact history, 5 (15.62%) patients'' contact history was unknown. Family clustering (66.67%) was the main transmission route. The median age of patients was 42 (32.5, 50.5) years old, 19 (59.37%) were female. The first symptoms were dry cough (n=23, 71.88%), fever (n=16, 50.00%) and expectoration (n=13, 40.63%). The median of incubation period was 6.5 (0, 9) days, the median from onset of first symptom to confirming diagnosis was 7 (4.5, 9) days, the median from confirming diagnosis to discharge was 12 (9, 16) days. The abnormal laboratory test indicator included the decrease in leukocyte count, absolute lymphocyte count, albumin, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocyte count, as well as increase of C-reactive protein, D-dimer and fibrinogen. 81.25% (n=26) of patients had bilateral lung involvement. Difference in absolute lymphocyte count between imported cases and local cases was statistically significant (P=0.044), there was no significant difference in other laboratory test results (all P>0.05). 32 patients were all cured and discharged. Conclusion Epidemic of COVID-19 is in a low prevalence in this city, mainly manifested by transmission through familial clustering, there is no significant difference in clinical characteristics between imported cases and local cases.