防控新型冠状病毒肺炎驰援医疗队防护消毒物资的优化配置

 

目的 在防控新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19,简称"新冠肺炎"）防护消毒物资极其短缺的情况下,优化驰援医疗队防护消毒物资配置,保障派出医疗队所属医院自身需求与驰援队员防护消毒物资平衡供给。方法 以沈阳市某三甲医院在新冠肺炎疫情防控期间,先后派出至不同城市的7批共85名驰援医疗队队员为调查对象。首先确定医疗队防护消毒物资初始配置方案,应用微信应用程序,设计针对初始配置的每一种防护消毒物资实际消耗量的调查问卷,通过微信对医疗队员进行电子问卷调查。结果 获得有效问卷80份,38.75%（31名）被调查队员所在的援助医院能按需提供防护消毒物资,其中50.00%能按需提供防护用品,57.50%能按需提供消毒用品,仅有38.75%队员所援助的医院能完全提供防护用品和消毒用品,3.75%的调查对象援助医院不能提供防护消毒用品。三个驰援地的医用外科口罩、乳胶手套、长款乳胶手套、医用护目镜、提桶、袋装卫生消毒湿巾、单片装卫生消毒湿巾、清洁纱布、100 mL装快速手消毒剂、含氯消毒剂泡腾片的总消耗量与初始配置方案比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。不同驰援地间医用外科口罩、医用防护服、长款乳胶手套、医用护目镜、防护面屏、分体式工作衣、白大衣、工作鞋、提桶的消耗量比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论 防护消毒物资初始配置方案按照高风险职业暴露,每日8 h满负荷工作量预期进行的最低量配置,能满足驰援队员初期的实际需求,预期方案与实际需求无明显偏差,使防护消毒物资短缺时期派出医院与医疗队员间的防护资源配给得到平衡,是保障双方有效执行消毒隔离与防护措施的基础和关键。

Optimal allocation of personal protective equipment and disinfection supplies for dispatched medical teams for prevention and control of COVID-19

Objective To optimize the allocation of personal protective equipment (PPE) and disinfection supplies for dispatched medical teams under the extreme shortage of PPE and disinfection supplies for the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and ensure a balanced allocation of PPE and disinfectant supplies between the hospital and their dispatched medical team members. Methods 85 members in 7 batches of medical teams dispatched from a tertiary first-class hospital in Shenyang City to different cities during prevention and control period of COVID-19 epidemic were surveyed. The initial allocation plan of PPE and disinfection supplies for medical team was determined firstly, WeChat application program was used, questionnaire for the actual consumption of each initially allocated PPE and disinfection supplies was designed, medical team members were surveyed by electronic questionnaire through WeChat. Results 80 available questionnaires were obtained, 38.75% (n=31) assisted hospitals of the surveyed team members could provide PPE and disinfection supplies as required, 50.00% of which could provide PPE as required, 57.50% could provide disinfection supplies as required, only 38.75% of the assisted hospitals could fully provide PPE and disinfection supplies, 3.75% of the assisted hospitals couldn''t provide PPE and disinfection supplies. The total consumption and initial allocation of surgical mask, latex glove, long latex glove, medical goggles, pail, packaged sanitary and disinfection wipes, individually packed sanitary and disinfection wipes, cleaned gauze, alcohol-based hand rub(100 mL/bottle), and effervescent chlorine disinfectant tablet in three assisted areas were all statistically different(all P<0.05). Consumption of surgical mask, medical protective clo-thing, long latex glove, medical goggles, face shield, non-joined work clothes, white coat, work shoes, and pail in different assisted areas were all significantly different(all P<0.05). Conclusion The initial minimum allocation plan of protective and disinfection supplies was based on high-risk occupational exposure and full work load of 8 hours a day, which can meet the actual needs of dispatched team members at the early stage, there is no obvious deviation between the expected plan and actual demand, the allocation of protection resources between hospitals and dispatched medical team members during the period of shortage of PPE and disinfection supplies is balanced, it is the basis and key to ensure the effective implementation of disinfection, isolation and protection measures by both hospital and medical team members.