新冠肺炎个人防护有效培训形式研究

 目的 探讨个人防护用品穿脱培训的有效形式。方法 将医务人员随机分为三组(第一组:视频培训;第二组:现场演示培训;第三组:一对一实操培训)进行个人防护用品穿脱培训,培训结束后对三组人员进行考核,评价培训效果。穿脱个人防护用品步骤考核采用评分表评分和定性的方法(脱防护服之前涂荧光粉以判断脱时荧光粉是否沾染衣服或皮肤的定性方法)考核。结果 每组考核169人,第三组考核合格率为85.21%,高于第二组(56.21%)、第一组(34.32%);护理、医技、医疗三类岗位中,以护理人员考核合格率最高(71.57%,141/197),医技人员合格率最低(42.11%,64/152);在穿脱个人防护用品步骤考核中,以佩戴医用口罩的密合性试验、脱连体防护服+手卫生合格率最低(分别为64.69%、60.95%)。三组培训成员、三类不同岗位类别,以及穿、脱个人防护用品各步骤考核合格率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.005)。荧光定性检测合格率为69.43%。结论 一对一实操的培训优于现场演示和视频培训,培训时应着重强调医用防护口罩的密合性试验,脱防护服时避免其污染衣服或皮肤。

Effective training approach of personal protection of COVID-19

Objective To explore the effective training approach of putting on and removing of personal protective equipment(PPE). Methods Health care workers(HCWs) were randomly divided into three groups(group 1:video training; group 2:on-site demonstration training; group 3:one-to-one practical training), training on putting on and removing of PPE was conducted, after the training, three groups of HCWs were checked, training effect was evaluated. Assessment on steps of putting on and removing of PPE was performed by table score and qualitative method (smearing fluorescence powder before removing PPE to judge whether fluorescence powder was contaminated on clothes or skin). Results 169 persons were checked in each group, qualified rate of assessment of group 3 was 85.21%, which was higher than 56.21% of group 2 and 34.32% of group 1; among three categories of posts(nursing, medical technician and doctors), the qualified rate of assessment of nursing was the highest (71.57%, 141/197), and qualified rate of medical technicians was the lowest (42.11%, 64/152); in the assessment of steps of putting on and removing of PPE, the lowest qualification rates were the tightness test of wearing medical mask as well as removing of one-piece protective clothes+hand hygiene (64.69% and 60.95%, respectively). There were statistically significant differences among three groups of trained HCWs, three different job posts, as well as steps of putting on and removing of PPE(all P<0.005). Qualified rate of fluorescence qualitative detection was 69.43%. Conclusion One-to-one training is better than on-site demonstration and video training, more attention should be paid to the tightness test of the medical protective mask during the training, when PPE is being removed, contamination on clothes or skin should be avoided.