小儿呼吸机相关性肺炎40例病原学分析及护理

目的：分析呼吸机相关性肺炎的病原学，探讨防治策略及护理对策。方法：回顾分析40例机械通气患儿并发呼吸机相关性肺炎的临床资料。结果：40例行机械通气患儿第5天做痰培养，细菌学检查均获阳性结果，病原菌主要是革兰氏阴性杆菌(80％)，其中绿脓杆菌最常见。结论：呼吸机相关性肺炎的发病机制主要包括病原菌侵袭机会和宿主免疫防御机制减弱两个方面。故切断感染途径，加强基础护理和患儿的营养支持治疗，对减少其的发病率，降低机械通气患儿的病死率具有重要意义。

Nursing and analysis of bacteria''''s pathogeny to children with pneumonia associated with ventilater

Objective:To investigate the strategy of treatment and nursing by analyzing the pathogeny of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). Methods: Analyzed the clinical material of 40 children with VAP . Results: The sputum were cultured on the fifth day with ventil ation, the result of VAP bacteria inspection were positive. The main bacteria is G bacillus (80%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is dominant. Conclusion: The mechanism of VAP includes the chance of bacteria invading and weakness of host immune defense. The morbidity of VAP and mortality of patients with ven tilation decreased by cutting of the way of infection, enhancing fundamental nu rsing and nutritional support treatment.