被动式膳食干预与营养教育对社区老年人脂代诲及其相关高血压的影响

目的探讨营养教育与被动式膳食干预对社区老年人脂代谢及其相关高血压的作用。方法选择社区老年高脂血症及高血压患者90例为研究对象，随机分为营养教育组、被动式膳食干预组及对照组各30例，分别给予对应干预方式。3个月后，评价患者对高脂血症、高血压知识的掌握情况，评价患者对慢性病态度、防治态度、改变健康生活方式等情况。结果干预后，三组之间对高脂血症及高血压的相关知识掌握得分有显著差异（P〈0．01）；三组认为高脂血症和高血压可控、可预防、健康教育有效的比例差异显著（P〈0．01）；三组每天食用蔬菜量、杂粮量、每天运动量比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；三组甘油三酯、胆同醇、收缩压比较差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．01），被动膳食干预组和营养教育组显著高于对照组（P均〈0．01）。结论被动膳食干预与营养教育能够提高社区老年患者对高脂血症和高血压病的认识，改变生活方式，从而达到有效控制疾病的目的。

Effect of passive dietary intervention and nutrition education on lipid metabolism .and hypertension of the elderly of community

Objective To discuss effect of passive dietary intervention and nutrition education on lipid metabolism and hypertension of the elderly of community. Methods Selected 90 cases with hyperlipemia and hypertension Were divid- ed into passive dietary intervention group, nutrition education group and control group （each 30 cases）, received dif- ferent methods. After 3 months, evaluation of relative knowledge mastering and lifestyle changing were made. Results After intervention, relative knowledge mastering of three groups had significant difference （P 〈 0.01 ）; proportion of seeing hyperlipemia and hypertension could be controlled and prevented, and seeing health education showing effect were significantly different（P 〈 0.01 ）; amount of eating vegetable, coarse cereals, and exercise were significantly dif- ferent（P 〈 0.01 ） ; triglyceride, cholesterol and systolic pressure had significant difference in three groups （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Passive dietary intervention and nutrition education can improve elders to know lipid metabolism and hy- pertension knowledge, change lifestyle, then to effectively control hyperlipemia and hypertension.