辽宁省成人精神障碍流行病学调查

目的 了解辽宁省城乡居民各类精神障碍现患率及分布特点，为制定辽宁省精神卫生规划提供客观依据。方法 2014年10月-2015年6月，采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法，在辽宁省7个地级市随机抽取24000人为研究对象，应用增补后的一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）进行筛查，分为精神障碍高、中、低危险3组，由精神科医生用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册（DSM-IV）轴I障碍临床定式检查（SCID-I/P）依次对100%、40%和10%的3组调查对象进行诊断检查。结果 有效调查19733人（82.22%），其中精神障碍的总现患率（最近一个月）为14.05%，女性12.93%，男性15.47%；城市人群13.04%，农村人群14.83%；30~50岁及>60岁年龄段是多种精神障碍的高发年龄；心境障碍（4.57%）、焦虑障碍（3.63%）、物质使用障碍（2.29%）是3个最常见的疾病诊断组，酒精使用障碍（2.29%）、抑郁障碍（2.28%）是患病率最高的2种精神障碍。结论 辽宁省精神障碍的现患率较高，精神问题已经成为关注的公共精神问题。

Prevalence of mental disorders among adult residents in Liaoning province,China

Objective To describe current prevalence and distribution of all types of mental disorders among adult residents in Liaoning province and to provide evidences for developing a provincial mental health plan.Methods Stratified multistage cluster randomization was used to recruit 24 000 urban and rural residents aged 18 years and above in 7 municipalities.All the participants were screened with the expanded version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and assigned into one of the three groups at high,moderate,and low risk of having a mental disorder.Then,based on the criterion of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th Edition(DSM-IV),the diagnostic examination was performed by psychiatrists among 100%,40%,and 10% of the participants of the groups with high,moderate,and low risk of having a mental disorder using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders-Patient Edition (SCID-I/P).The survey was carried out between October 2014 and June 2015.Results Of the residents,82.22% (19 733) completed the survey.The adjusted current (in the previous one month) prevalence rate of any mental disorder was 14.05% (95% confidence interval:13.57%-15.47%).The overall prevalence rate of mental disorders was higher in the males (15.46%) than in the females (12.93%),and slightly higher in rural participants (14.83%) than in urban participants (13.04%).Among all the participants,the three most common mental disorders were affective disorder (4.57%),anxiety disorder (3.63%),and substance use disorder (2.88%).Alcohol use disorder (2.86%) and major depression disorder (2.39%) were the most prevalent specific mental disorders.Conclusion The current prevalence rate of mental disorders is relatively high among adult residents and mental disorder has become a major public health problem in Liaoning province.