朱砂、朱砂安神丸与氯化汞、轻粉的急性毒性对比

目的:对比研究朱砂、朱砂安神丸与氯化汞、轻粉对小鼠的急性毒性。方法:小鼠一次给药后,分别检测肝肾组织中汞蓄积量,肝肾功能,观察肝、肾、等主要脏器的组织形态学变化,并运用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)的方法检测药物对MT-1,MT-2基因表达的影响。结果:氯化汞组小鼠肝、肾组织中汞蓄积量(13.2±7.63),(46.9±20.4)mg·kg-1远远高于朱砂低剂量组(0.18±0.35),(0.50±0.57)mg·kg-1,朱砂高剂量组(3.80±1.65),(23.9±9.95)mg·kg-1和朱砂安神丸低剂量组(0.22±0.23),(0.67±0.43)mg·kg-1,朱砂安神丸高剂量组(0.31±0.32),(0.72±0.57)mg·kg-1以及轻粉组(0.39±0.20),(0.76±0.48)mg·kg-1;朱砂高剂量组肝(863±469),(1 057±690)、肾(603±30),(3 114±313)、氯化汞组肝(1 385±364),(2 284±701)、肾(621±186),(3 162±493)组织中MT-1和MT-2 mRNA表达高于其他各组;朱砂高剂量组和氯化汞组小鼠肝肾组织中出现病理损伤。结论:小鼠一次性给药后,临床常用量的朱砂和朱砂安神丸毒性要远远小于氯化汞。

Comparative Studies on Acute Toxicity of Cinnabar,Zhusha Anshenwan, Mercuric Chloride and Mercurous Chloride

Objective: To study the acute toxicity of cinnabar,Zhusha Anshenwan,mercuric chloride and mercurous chloride in mouse. Method: Mouse were orally given Zhusha Anshenwan(10,20 g ·kg^-1),cinnabar (0.3,16 g ·kg^-1),mercuric chloride (70 mg ·kg^-1) and mercurous chloride (61.2 mg ·kg^-1),and toxicity were assayed 8 hours later. Result: Compared with the normal group,the renal injury occurred in mercuric chloride group;The accumulation of mercury in mercuric chloride group was much higher than other groups;mercuric chloride and the high dose of cinnabar can cause liver and kidney pathological changes,The RT-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of MT-1 and MT-2 increased in mercuric chloride groups and the high dose of cinnabar,In Zhusha Anshenwan,low dose of cinnabar and mercurous chloride groups,tissue Hg accumulation was insignificant and No MT induction was abserved. Conclusion: Acute toxicity of cinnabar and Zhusha Anshenwan at clinical dosages is much lower than that of mercuric chloride.